In infants and children who develop pathological jaundice as yellowing of the skin and sclera, or physiological jaundice that lasts for a longer period of time, blue light irradiation treatment needs to be actively considered. Blue light irradiation has a positive effect on the decrease of bilirubin in the patient’s blood, but blue light irradiation may affect the patient’s eye and retinal development. Therefore, the child should be blindfolded and blocked with a shading cloth or eye shield to avoid damage to vision caused by direct sunlight. After blue light irradiation, and with active taking medicine such as gardenia yellow to protect the liver and anti-yellowing treatment, the patient’s condition will tend to be stable. It is also necessary to actively investigate the cause of pathological jaundice, whether there is the possibility of congenital biliary atresia, the child needs further ultrasound, bile duct MRI examination. Further ultrasound and MRI of the biliary tract are needed. After the etiological examination, the cause can be actively treated, and if necessary, surgical treatment can be performed.