Benefits of early HIV antiretroviral therapy

 At present, the advanced HIV treatment guidelines in developed countries all advocate that antiretroviral therapy should be started regardless of how high the CD4+ is, which is significantly different from the previous decision on when to start treatment according to the CD4+ level, and early antiretroviral therapy has the following benefits: 1. The first phase is the rapid growth phase, which occurs within the first few months after treatment; the second phase is the slow growth phase, which follows the first phase and is characterized by a slow increase in CD4 cells. The increase in CD4 cells in the second phase is more important than in the first phase because it implies a true immune reconstitution. Some studies have shown that the CD4 level before treatment determines whether patients can obtain good immune reconstitution, and those with high CD4+ obtain better immune reconstitution.2. Early antiviral treatment can greatly reduce the risk of complications regardless of the duration of infection or the level of CD4 in patients, in general, HIV virus will cause damage to multiple organs throughout the body after entering the body. HIV Combination of HIV infection with viral hepatitis can lead to more rapid progression of the disease, including cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. Antiviral therapy can slow down the progression of liver disease by rebuilding immune function and reducing immune activation and inflammatory response. Cardiovascular disease is also an important cause of death among HIV-infected patients, accounting for 10% of the causes of death in the HIV-infected population. Studies have shown that earlier antiviral treatment can greatly reduce these risks.3. Early treatment can reduce mortality In recent years, a large number of studies at home and abroad have shown that early antiviral treatment can reduce mortality in HIV-infected patients. Studies from Europe and North America have shown that the higher the baseline CD4 at the time of treatment, the lower the risk of AIDS-related disease and death. For example, the risk of death when starting treatment with a CD4 less than 25 is 4.35 times higher than that of patients starting treatment with a CD4 greater than 350.4. Early treatment does not increase HIV drug resistance Some people worry that early treatment is prone to drug resistance, but this worry is not necessary, and scientific studies have proven this. HIV does mutate easily, and the pressure of antiviral drugs will increase the mutation of the virus, thus leading to viral drug resistance, but without virus replication there will be no mutation or drug resistance. Early antiviral treatment can control viral replication as early as possible and instead is less likely to lead to viral resistance. This has also been shown to be the case. A study from the United Kingdom found that 230 patients receiving early treatment had a resistance rate of about 7% within 8 years, a rate that was essentially the same as the incidence of resistance among patients who did not undergo early treatment and did not increase.5. Early treatment can greatly reduce the risk of transmission This is actually quite simple: after antiviral treatment, the viral load in the blood drops significantly or even becomes undetectable, and the genital tract and other tissues The viral load in the genital tract and other tissues decreases, reducing the risk of transmission from a high-risk situation. Early initiation of antiviral therapy as an effective prevention strategy has been supported by many studies.6. Early initiation of antiviral therapy can reduce the damage caused by adverse drug reactions A large number of clinical studies have proven that early, i.e., treatment, can greatly reduce the damage caused by drugs to the body. Because the body’s immune function has not been seriously damaged in the early stage, the ability to clear the drug damage to itself is stronger, so the adverse reactions produced by the body is lighter.