Mitral valve closure insufficiency is caused by structural abnormalities or dysfunction of the mitral valve. The main causes are rheumatic fever, as well as tendon rupture, followed by infective endocarditis, mitral valve mucus-like degeneration, and ischemic heart disease. In rheumatic fever, there is involvement of connective tissues such as the valves, such as stiffness of the mitral valve, deformation, and shortening and fusion of the cardiac tendons. In some cases, this is accompanied by shortening of the papillary muscles and abnormalities of the tendons, which may lead to rupture in severe cases, resulting in mitral valve insufficiency. Mitral valve insufficiency can lead to hemodynamic changes, such as mitral regurgitation, mitral valve insufficiency, and no abnormal symptoms in the compensated left ventricle, but gradually heart failure manifestations, such as pulmonary stasis, pulmonary edema, exertional dyspnea, and in severe cases, telangiectatic breathing, resting dyspnea, and nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea, as well as right heart failure. In severe cases, the patient may suffer from telogenic dyspnea, resting dyspnea, and nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea, as well as right heart failure. If the patient has mitral valve insufficiency, surgery should be performed as early as possible to cure the problem and prevent complications such as heart failure.