Bronchoscopy for children is intuitive, safe, non-invasive and less painful. The bronchoscope currently used has a diameter of 2.8-4.9 mm and is suitable for children of all ages. Many advantages. The examination process is also fast, usually the child is fasted and dehydrated for 6 hours the night before the examination, and the relevant examinations (chest X-ray, CT, blood sampling) are completed on the second day under sedation by three to four medical personnel, and the whole process takes less than one hour. The safety of bronchoscopy for children is ensured to the fullest extent by the advanced instruments and equipment, abundant and skillful operation techniques, perfect and strict preoperative preparation and postoperative inspection and observation system. It is mainly used for the diagnosis and treatment of common respiratory diseases such as bronchopneumonia, atelectasis, bronchial foreign body, bronchial asthma, endobronchial tuberculosis, mycoplasma pneumonia, etc. It is also used for the diagnosis and treatment of congenital bronchopulmonary malformation, congenital pulmonary cyst, ciliopathy, bronchiectasis, congenital bronchopulmonary trachea It also plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of rare and difficult diseases such as congenital bronchopulmonary malformation, congenital lung cyst, ciliopathies, bronchiectasis, congenital bronchopulmonary trachea, pulmonary fibrosis, alveolar protein deposition, post-traumatic tracheobronchial injury, and bronchial tumors. It can not only complete the observation and diagnosis of bronchopulmonary lesions, but also aspirate deep respiratory secretion specimens, lavage fluid epithelial cells and lung tissue biopsy for the application of electron microscopic ultrastructure, cytology and pathogenic detection; meanwhile, it can apply the interventional treatment such as clamping, lavage, drug injection and microwave; improve the clinical understanding and diagnosis level of respiratory diseases. Since the development of this technology, the Department of Respiratory Medicine has gained a deeper understanding and research on pediatric respiratory diseases. The scope of examination has been extended to each lung lobe and each branch of fine bronchus, and the diagnosis level of pediatric respiratory diseases has been significantly improved. For example, in the diagnosis and removal of foreign bodies in the airway, the advantages of less trauma, good tolerance and no general anesthesia make it more acceptable to patients, and the success rate of removal is greatly improved. In the treatment of pediatric infectious obstructive pneumonia and pulmonary atelectasis, we have also solved the treatment dilemma of prolonging the course of disease, poor effect of pulmonary reopening and delayed pneumonia caused by injections and medications.