The World Health Organization’s Guidelines for the Prevention, Care and Treatment of People with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection were just released on March 12, 2015. In this guideline, there is a paragraph devoted to recommendations for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in children. The guidelines conclude that children with chronic hepatitis B virus infection are usually in the immune tolerance phase, the vast majority have normal liver function, no significant symptoms, minimal histologic damage to the liver, low risk of liver disease progression, and poor treatment efficacy and risk of drug resistance to long-term therapy, so early initiation of therapy is mostly not advocated. However, a small number of children, especially those with a family history of hepatitis B cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, may develop liver function abnormalities, liver disease progression, or even development of cirrhosis earlier. Such cases still require prompt treatment. Previously, some safety and efficacy data have been obtained for interferon, lamivudine and adefovir in children, demonstrating efficacy and safety similar to that of adults. However, treatment with interferon is not recommended for infants under 1 year of age; and lamivudine is prone to drug resistance with long-term application. Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved tenofovir for use in adolescents over 12 years of age and entecavir for use in children over 2 years of age. Therefore, the World Health Organization recommends treatment with entecavir for chronic hepatitis B in children over 2 years of age who need treatment. For adolescents over 12 years of age weighing 35 kg or more, the dosage of tenofovir is the same as for adults, 300 mg daily. for children over 2 years of age weighing 30 kg or more, the dosage of entecavir is the same as for adults, 0.5 mg daily. in foreign countries, entecavir oral solution has been marketed at a dose of 0.5 mg for 10 ml. while in China, entecavir oral solution is not yet available, only tablets for adults. The dosage of entecavir oral solution for children weighing 30 kg as recommended by the World Health Organization has been roughly converted to the dosage of entecavir tablets for children for parents’ reference.