With the development of child health care, it is very common to have eye refraction and vision examinations before entering nursery school or kindergarten. Often anxious parents with the checklist ask the ophthalmologist, “Are my baby’s eyes normal? Traditionally, the best-corrected visual acuity of 0.8 and below is used as a reference standard, but at the 15th Annual National Ophthalmology Conference held just this September, the Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Group of the Chinese Medical Association Ophthalmology Branch released the latest guidelines for the diagnosis of childhood amblyopia: the best-corrected visual acuity of one eye during visual development due to monocular strabismus, uncorrected refractive aberration and high refractive error, as well as form deprivation, is lower than The diagnosis of amblyopia should be considered when the best corrected visual acuity of one eye is lower than the corresponding age-related visual acuity, or when the visual acuity of both eyes differs by two lines or more. The lower limit of visual acuity reference value for children aged 3-5 years is 0.5, and 0.7 for children aged 6 years and above; 1.50D difference between spherical lenses or 1.00D difference between cylindrical lenses in both eyes predisposes to amblyopia; similar refractive error in both eyes with hyperopia greater than or equal to 5.00D, or astigmatism greater than or equal to 2.00D increases the risk of amblyopia. When examining vision, different vision screening methods are recommended. A pictorial visual acuity chart can be used for ages 3-5, and selective viewing (PL) and optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) can be used to test vision for ages younger than three. Amblyopia is still divided into four categories: strabismic amblyopia, refractive amblyopia, refractive parallax amblyopia and form deprivation amblyopia. Therefore, kindergarten children with vision less than 1.0 should not assume that there is something wrong with all of them and should not rush to amblyopia training. It is important to go to a regular specialized medical place for consultation and to receive the most scientific treatment methods that are up-to-date with the times.