Diabetes is a common metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose, especially now that living standards are getting better and people are eating better, the incidence of diabetes is also increasing.
The typical clinical symptoms of diabetes are “three more and one less”, i.e., drinking more, eating more, urinating more, and losing weight; however, not all patients are like this, some patients mainly drink more and urinate more, some mainly lose weight and are weak, and some have acute or chronic complications as the first symptom, which are only detected by further examination, such as cerebrovascular accidents, coronary heart disease, female patients with external vaginal itching, and so on. Some patients have acute or chronic complications as the first symptom, which are only detected by further examination, such as cerebrovascular accident, coronary heart disease, and external vaginal itching in female patients. The test for diabetes can include blood sampling for fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar (or standard glucose tolerance test), glycated hemoglobin or C-peptide measurement, kidney function (urine glucose, creatinine, urea), urine protein measurement or even urine microalbumin measurement, etc.
Diabetes needs to be tested several times to confirm the diagnosis because there are many factors that affect it. If diabetes is confirmed, it should be further examined by ultrasound of both lower extremities for venous thrombosis or arteriosclerosis occlusion, electromyography for peripheral neuropathy, etc. It is also important to regularly test the blood glucose concentration in order to adjust the medication dosage in time.