The latest concept of amblyopia is as follows: the best corrected visual acuity of one or both eyes during visual development due to monocular strabismus, uncorrected refractive aberration and high refractive error, and form deprivation is lower than the corresponding age visual acuity, or the difference in visual acuity between the two eyes is 2 lines or more. 1. Children with strabismus are often discomforted by visual disorder (such as two eyes looking at one thing as two things: diplopia) and discomfort. To eliminate this discomfort, the visual center of the brain actively inhibits the visual impulses transmitted by the strabismus, and amblyopia is formed. Children with strabismus also have refractive error, so it is also necessary to correct refractive error as soon as possible, and at the same time to properly cover the strabismic eye and correct strabismus with surgery at the right time. Refractive error Most children with high refractive error (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism) who are not wearing corrective glasses, mostly in both eyes. Experience light with appropriate glasses, vision will gradually improve or restore, the younger the age of starting to wear glasses, the better the treatment effect. Refractive aberration Refractive aberration is the difference between the refractive power of two eyes, such as a normal eye, a highly hyperopic eye, etc.. Due to the large difference in size and clarity of the object image formed by the retina of both eyes, the image cannot be well integrated. The visual center of the brain will suppress the object image of the eye with greater refractive error, and amblyopia will result. Wearing glasses as early as possible and covering the eye with better vision is the most basic treatment. 4. Formal deprivation When eye diseases affecting vision (such as congenital cataract, ptosis, corneal leukoplakia, etc.) occur during infancy when the visual function is not well developed, they affect the full entry of light into the eye, so that the retina loses its role in receiving normal light stimulation, resulting in functional impairment and amblyopia. In the case of form deprivation amblyopia, the cause of the deprivation should be removed as soon as possible, for example, congenital cataracts should be operated on as soon as they are detected, and any surgery later than 3 months will leave a certain degree of amblyopia. After surgery, amblyopia treatment should be adhered to.