The goal of surgical orthopedics is to relieve cardiopulmonary compression and improve cardiopulmonary function. To improve the appearance and relieve the child’s negative inferiority complex. To prevent the development of the “funnel sign” and to prevent scoliosis. In infants, forceful breathing and crying can lead to temporary deformities, and in children under two years of age, due to weakness, soft bones and easy deformation of the rib cartilage (rickets active period), conservative treatment should be given first as long as there is no obvious cardiopulmonary dysfunction, while observing whether there is hope for self-correction. If the symptoms and signs are significant above two years of age, surgical correction can be performed selectively. However, most scholars believe that the better age for surgical correction is 3 to 12 years old. Because the deformity is more limited at this age, the thoracic stress that causes scoliosis does not occur, and surgical contouring is easier and more effective. As technology advances, surgery is becoming more and more minimally invasive and the indications for surgery are gradually relaxed. Patients not only undergo minimally invasive surgical treatment to improve cardiopulmonary function and prevent other deformities of the spinal thorax, but also to treat some of the psychological problems caused by the appearance of the deformity and the need for cosmetology. The surgical treatment of funnel chest has a history of nearly 100 years and has gone through osteotomy, sternal rib osteotomy, osteotomy with external fixation, osteotomy with internal fixation, reversal method and external fixation without osteotomy, etc. In 1998, Dr. Donald Nuss of the Children’s Hospital of King’s Daughters in Virginia, USA, developed a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of the deformed rib cartilage, wedging the sternum and refixing it in various ways. In 1998, Dr. Donald Nuss of Children’s Hospital of King’s Daughters in Virginia, USA, developed a minimally invasive procedure, the Nuss procedure, which is simple and has remarkable postoperative results, not only with a full chest but also without incisions in the anterior chest wall, and is rapidly being accepted by doctors and patients around the world. After ten years of continuous improvement, it has now become the standard procedure for the treatment of funnel chest. This minimally invasive procedure is performed by surgically implanting a shaped brace under thoracoscopic guidance to correct the sternal and rib depressions, which is left in place for 2 to 5 years and then removed without rib removal or pectoralis major muscle dissection. In addition to improving cardiopulmonary function, it can also correct the position of the sternum and rib cage. Traditional chest wall deformity surgery is increasingly unacceptable to patients and physicians because of the large surgical wound and the destruction of muscle cartilage; moreover, the operation takes four to six hours, bleeds a lot, is traumatic, hits patients hard, and has a high rate of postoperative complications and recurrence. Nowadays, the minimally invasive surgery, the Nuss procedure, has a small wound, less bleeding, complete preservation of muscle cartilage, fast recovery, early bedtime, few postoperative complications, high satisfaction rate of deformity correction, low recurrence rate, and good results for older children and adults.