Children due to their own age and the existence of various eye diseases need to be treated, so the principles of children’s prescription and adult prescription is completely different, children’s myopia, amblyopia prescription principles are also very special, if combined with strabismus prescription principles are more complex, so we have to follow the following principles.
I. Children’s dilated pupil principles.
1. Children under 8 years of age: All atropine pupil dilatation optometry
(1) Children without combined strabismus and children with combined exotropia should have their pupils dilated with atropine eye ointment for three days.
(2) Children with combined internal strabismus should have their pupils dilated with atropine for five days (to remove the adjustment factor).
3）Children with amblyopia, who are able to wear glasses regularly and have their doctor decide whether they can use Medtronic dilated pupils for optometry before changing glasses (adjustment relaxation)
2.Children over 8 years old.
1） Children with complaints of poor visual acuity at the first consultation, Medolite or Toppingamide dilated pupil optometry.
(2) For children whose vision cannot be corrected after pupil dilatation, they should be referred to the pediatric optometry clinic.
(3) For children with combined amblyopia, dilate the pupil with atropine.
(4) After optometry, if it is simple myopia, prescription glasses can be prescribed directly after retesting.
Second, the principles of children’s prescription.
1.Non-combined strabismic amblyopia (non-combined amblyopia)
(1) Myopia is the lowest degree of correction for the best vision, vision correction to 1, 0 can be
(2) farsightedness minus adjustment prescription, by the optometrist trial and according to visual acuity and symptoms prescription (farsightedness minus 1D adjustment)
(3) For children who do not cooperate with the examination of myopia regular prescription, farsightedness and then subtract 1D adjustment prescription.
2. Dispensing for children with amblyopia (not combined with strabismus)
(1) Children under 6 years old, with adequate correction of hyperopia and astigmatism (low age children have strong visual adaptation ability).
(2) Children between 6 and 9 years old, high hyperopia should be reduced, astigmatism should be corrected in sufficient amount, and the second prescription should be adequate for hyperopia.
(3) Children over 9 years old, with high hyperopia and high astigmatism, the first prescription should be 2/3, and the second prescription should be sufficient (children of advanced age have poor adaptive ability)
(4) Refractive children, younger children can be given an extraordinary amount of glasses (more than 300 degrees in both eyes). Older children are given glasses according to medical advice.
3. Lenses for children with amblyopia (combined with strabismus).
If amblyopia combined with strabismus needs to be treated, the glasses will be dispensed according to the principles of amblyopia dispensing, without considering the strabismus, and then according to the principles of strabismus and surgical dispensing after the amblyopia is cured.
4. Children with strabismus (not combined with amblyopia)
(1) Exotropia, exotropia
A. Combined with hyperopia, low correction with glasses (hyperopia is large, can aggravate the exotropia)
B, combined with myopia, adequate correction, (myopia can control exotropia)
2）Internal strabismus, internal oblique
A. Combined with hyperopia, adequate correction (hyperopia can control the internal strabismus)
B, combined with myopia, appropriate low correction (the best vision, the minimum number of degrees)
C. Adjustment of internal strabismus, full correction of hyperopia with glasses, change of glasses should be based on the results of the same vision machine to properly reduce the degree of hyperopia, should ensure that the degree of strabismus does not increase the premise of reducing the degree of hyperopia.