In cirrhosis, the portal blood flow is blocked and the portal vein pressure increases, so that the portal blood flows up from the gastric vein into the esophageal vein into the superior vena cava, completing the abnormal lateral circulation. When overwork, overeating, drinking alcohol, lifting heavy objects with excessive force, high tension and excitement can lead to sudden rupture of the varices of the esophagogastric fundus vein and hemorrhage, which is called upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhosis. When hemorrhage first manifests as stuffy stomach pain, full discomfort, nausea, rapid heartbeat, followed by sudden vomiting of black blood clots and blood, if there is dizziness indicates that the amount of bleeding is large, has been in a state of shock, must be as soon as possible to stop bleeding and replenish blood volume, is responsible for soon life-threatening. This is followed by black stools (tarry stools) or bloody stools within 1-3 days. Of course, there are also those who only have frequent black stools and bloody stools without vomiting blood. Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhosis is an acute and serious complication in patients with cirrhosis and has a high mortality rate. Once it occurs, it must be immediately hospitalized for resuscitation treatment. Requirements: 1 Absolute bed rest and fasting. 2 Close observation of the patient’s blood pressure, pulse and mental changes. 3 Immediate intravenous infusion of posterior pituitary hormone or growth inhibitor or its derivatives to stop bleeding. 4 Timely transfusion of whole blood to replenish blood volume. 5 Moderate use of saline and hemostatic drugs, do not enter large amounts of saline. 5 Careful use of antihypertensive drugs to maintain blood pressure at a normal low value. 6 Short-term application of antibiotics to prevent infection. 7 Parenteral nutrition, supplemental nutrition and supportive treatment. 8 The patient must be hospitalized. The patient should be treated with supplemental nutrition and supportive therapy.8 Timely check the blood routine and liver function to determine the bleeding.9 Emergency gastroscopic hemostasis or interventional surgery to stop bleeding if necessary. Prediction of hemorrhage cessation: 1. Patient no longer vomits blood, no nausea, stomach feels empty and wants to eat. 2. Dizziness improves, pulse blood pressure returns to normal or stable. 3. The hematocrit no longer decreases or rises on rechecking. For patients with cirrhosis, while emergency treatment is certainly needed after the appearance of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, accurate prediction and prevention of bleeding and rebleeding after bleeding are more important. Gastroscopy is the most important and accurate method to predict ruptured esophagogastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Patients with confirmed or suspected cirrhosis should have regular follow-up gastroscopy to clarify the diagnosis of cirrhosis and the degree of esophagogastric fundic varices. Usually those with no and mild varices will not rupture and bleed. Those with moderate or severe varices, especially those with red signs or cirrhosis graded B or C, have a high likelihood of recent bleeding and need prompt prevention. If gastroscopy is not possible, barium fluoroscopy, CT or MRI are also available, but are less accurate than gastroscopy. In patients who are already bleeding, the likelihood of rebleeding within 5 days after the bleeding has stopped is 20%-60% and requires attention. For those who have been determined to have bleeding in the near future through gastroscopy, etc.: 1 Be careful in daily life to avoid overwork, overeating, drinking alcohol, eating hard, rough and indigestible food, lifting heavy objects or defecating with excessive force, high tension and excitement, and other diseases with high fever or increased consumption, etc. 2 Review gastroscopy regularly. 3 Take preventive medications such as β-blockers, Chinese herbal preparations for blood circulation under the guidance of the doctor. 4 For those who are at greater risk of bleeding, timely gastroscopic esophagogastric fundic varices ligation, sclerotherapy or tissue gel mucoadhesion, etc. Interventional portal venous shunt or surgical splenectomy portal shunt is also feasible.