Sometimes when you have anal discomfort or something comes out after a bowel movement, you think it’s a hemorrhoid flare-up, and when you go to the anorectal department, your doctor may say that you have a polyp after a good anorectal finger exam and recommend you have surgery. For patients, polyps are familiar and this is definitely something that needs to be taken care of urgently. Many times this anal finger test comes up with something called anal papillary hyperplasia, which is an enlarged anal papilla, or an anal papilloma, and it’s not too much of a stretch to call it a polyp, because a polyp is a broad concept that refers to an extra portion of any part of the body. The anal papilla is a normal tissue in the human body, located in the anus about 2.5 centimeters at the dentate line, triangular or cone-shaped, such as the size of a grain of rice. After infection, trauma or adverse stimulation of the anal canal, the end of the rectal dentate line at the end of the anal column fibrous connective tissue proliferation, that is, the anal papillae will increase in size, with different morphology, some as slender as a needle, some as thick as a grape, most of them seem to be columnar or nipple-shaped, the top of the large tip is fine, the surface is smooth, milky white, and it is not easy to bleed. Mainly, the swelling comes out from the anus during bowel movement, and the large ones need to be returned to the anus by hand, which will be accompanied by severe anal pain and anal swelling in the acute stage. Anal papilloma is very easy to be confused with rectal polyp, both of them have similar morphology, both for the top of the large tip small, but the rectal polyp was born in the rectal part above the tooth line, the rectal mucosa is covered, bright red, soft, easy to touch bleeding. Anal papilloma is the proliferation of epithelial tissue in the anal canal, is fibrous tissue, not easy to bleed, even if the attack of blood in the stool, basically also is the anal papilla is back into the anus when rubbing the anal canal skin. But the anal papillary hyperplasia can also be developed to the dentate line above, there will be mucosal components, pathology can also be diagnosed bit rectal polyps. Therefore, the anal papillae have hyperplasia and become anal papilloma should be valued as polyps, it is not suitable for retention, also not suitable for long-term conservative treatment, it should be timely and radical treatment, because the disease has a certain degree of cancerous tendency, it has been reported that, hypertrophic anal papillae, if the appearance of the pomade changes in the likelihood of carcinoma, if the papillae to the direction of the anus is enlarged, carcinoma for squamous cell carcinoma, if to the toothed line is involved, that is, adenocarcinoma. In the past, anal papillae were not considered to be of therapeutic significance, but current research shows that there is no value in preserving the enlarged anal papillae and they should be surgically removed. In addition, the anal papilla is located in the lower end of the rectum, around the anal canal 2~6 a week, and, some individual factors determine that some people are good at developing this disease, for example, some people have a tendency to hyperplasia of the ectoderm and subcutaneous tissues below the anal column, and the anal papillary hyperplasia may occur repeatedly. Therefore, it is necessary to propagate to the patients to avoid spicy and stimulating food, to keep the stool soft and smooth, and to actively treat the inflammatory diseases of anus and intestines.