1.What is K-T syndrome? A: Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, a congenital peripheral vascular disorder, was first reported by French physicians Klippel and Trenaunay in 1900 and named as “varicose veins hypertrophic vascular nevus”. It is mainly a manifestation of congenital abnormal vascular development and can be divided into the following types: ① venous type – mainly venous abnormalities, including superficial varicose veins, venous aneurysms, deep venous valve insufficiency, deep venous valve defect or deep venous defect; ② arterial type – including arterial blockage, defect or arteriovenous defect. -The arterial type – including arterial blockage, ischemia or abnormal hyperplasia, etc.; arteriovenous fistula type – mainly based on the abnormal arteriovenous fistula of the affected limb; ③ mixed type. 2.Can the disease be detected at birth if it is congenital? A: The disease is a congenital vascular malformation, its onset is not related to the living environment. some manifestations of K-T syndrome, such as wine-colored spots can be found in infancy, often considered as birthmarks, wait until the lesion aggravates, the appearance of one side of the limb growth, thickening is, only then will seek medical advice. Foreign statistics on such diseases show that the average interval from the first detection of lesions to the first examination is 12.7 years. 3, the performance of the disease, parents have no home observation of the child disease situation? A: The main manifestations of the disease are in the extremities, especially in the lower extremities, with some lesions involving the buttocks, waist, lower abdomen or shoulders, usually involving one limb. The main manifestations are ① superficial varicose veins of lower extremities, the occurrence of which is different from the general superficial varicose veins of lower extremities, mainly concentrated in the outer part of the thighs or buttocks, and the veins are usually raised inconspicuously; ② wine-colored spots, a kind of slightly elevated light red or purple-red nevus in the shape of a map, which can fade when pressed, is actually an intradermal vascular nevus, which is the characteristic manifestation of the disease and is often mistaken by parents as a birthmark. ③The growth or thickening of one limb, as the child grows, the limb on the affected side will gradually grow and thicken. ④Increased skin temperature of the affected limb. By comparing the limb temperatures of both sides, it can be found that the temperature of the affected limb is slightly higher. Parents can touch the child’s limb with the back of their hand and feel the slight difference in skin temperature. 4.Hazards of K-T syndrome A: Due to the vascular malformation, the affected limb has excessive blood supply, and the development exceeds that of the opposite limb, which can lead to soft tissue and bone hypertrophy, limb growth and thickening, and in severe cases, the limbs on both sides will be of different lengths, causing the child to limp. In individual cases, because the arteriovenous fistula is close to the trunk, it leads to ischemic changes in the distal limb, which is manifested as coldness, pallor or purple at the end of the limb, and in severe cases, it can lead to blackness and necrosis at the end. The varicose veins can develop thrombosis secondary to slow blood flow, forming thrombotic superficial phlebitis, which manifests as redness, swelling, pain, increased local skin temperature and pain when touched along the venous line. 5.Treatment of K-T syndrome, the approximate cost? A: There is no special treatment method, mainly symptomatic reduction treatment. If the limb length difference exceeds 1.5cm, the heel of the healthy side can be padded to prevent secondary lesions caused by long-term limping. For the thickening of the affected limb, medical elastic stockings or elastic bandages should be used for compression therapy, which can control varicose veins, reduce the heaviness and swelling of the lower limbs caused by venous stasis, and prevent the occurrence of thrombotic superficial phlebitis. The price of imported medical elastic stockings for treatment is about 300~500 RMB. For superficial varicose vein with open deep veins and normal venous valve function, local varicose superficial vein stripping or laser treatment can be performed. For patients with deep venous defects, this method is not applicable. For children with arteriovenous fistula or bilateral limbs of unequal length, bilateral lower limb arteriograms can be performed first, and if abnormal vessels are found, they can be embolized or surgically ligated in order to retard the development of the affected limb and reduce claudication; for children who have not stopped development, epiphyseal clips can be used to limit the development of the longer limb, thus reducing the length difference between the two limbs; for children with cavernous hemangioma, minimally invasive hemangioma For children with cavernous hemangioma, minimally invasive electrocoagulation of hemangioma is feasible.