Rotavirus is the main cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in infants and children, and oral rotavirus vaccination is an effective means of preventing rotavirus-induced rotavirus enteritis diarrhea, with a total of three doses. The first dose is indicated for infants and children between 6 and 12 weeks of age, and the second dose can be administered after an interval of 4 to 10 weeks, while the third dose should be administered before the infant is 32 weeks old. Rotavirus is a common pathogen of severe diarrhea in infants and young children that leads to dehydration. Oral administration of rotavirus vaccine can effectively prevent dehydration caused by severe diarrhea, and the duration of illness will be shorter and less severe in vaccinated patients compared to unvaccinated patients after infection with rotavirus due to various factors, reducing the time of hospitalization. However, it should be noted that there are certain contraindications and precautions for oral rotavirus vaccination, and it is prohibited for infants and children with poor health, fever, acute and chronic infectious diseases, or immune deficiencies. It is also recommended to avoid vaccination within 3 months after the use of immunoglobulin and to stay for 30 minutes after vaccination to avoid adverse reactions. When adverse reactions occur due to individual differences, it is necessary to promptly inform the health care provider and make treatment according to the actual situation.