To prevent diabetes complications, do the following:
- Treat diabetes aggressively to keep blood glucose under long-term control at or near normal levels. Treatment of diabetes includes diet therapy, exercise therapy, medications (oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin injections), self-monitoring, education, and psychotherapy. The specific treatment plan depends on the condition, but it is important for the patient to work closely with the doctor.
- Aggressive treatment of dyslipidemia. Adhere to long-term dietary therapy, eat less animal fat, and limit cholesterol-rich foods such as animal offal, fish roe, and egg yolk. Use lipid-regulating drugs if necessary.
- Appropriate exercise. It is good for lowering blood glucose and blood lipids, controlling weight effectively, and preventing diabetes comorbidity, and should be exercised for a long time. Exercise should be aerobic, such as brisk walking, jogging, bicycling, swimming, etc. Do not do exercises that require explosive force for a short period of time, such as racing and weight lifting. For those with serious heart and kidney complications, activities should be determined on a case-by-case basis.
- Adjust your weight. Obesity is an enemy of longevity and a breeding ground for many diseases. Obesity is closely related to the development and progression of atherosclerosis, and obese diabetes is insensitive to insulin. Therefore adjusting body weight to be close to the standard weight is very important for good blood sugar control and prevention of diabetic vasculopathy.
- Effective blood pressure control. Add blood pressure-lowering medication in the presence of hypertension, which should be controlled to below 130/80 mm Hg.
- Do not smoke and do not drink alcohol.
- Cultivate proper, regular diabetic eating habits.
- Get regular checkups. Conduct fundus, electrocardiogram, renal and neurological, and foot examinations for early detection of complications and early treatment.