Treatment of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is often difficult and requires a long-term process, usually taking 6-12 months to achieve the desired depigmentation results. Each treatment can improve hyperpigmentation on the epidermis, but the efficacy of treatment of hyperpigmentation in the dermis is not proven. Daily use of a broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF >15) is mandatory in each treatment regimen. A variety of topical agents can treat post-epidermal inflammatory hyperpigmentation: these include hydroquinone, retinoic acid cream, sebaceous hormone, glycolic acid, and azelaic acid. Single treatments may be effective, and a combination of topical creams and gels, chemical peels, and sunscreens may have more dramatic results. These are effective only in epidermal hyperpigmentation. Topical topical application of 0.1% retinoic acid is effective. Glycolic acid peels, combined with retinoic acid and hydroquinone have achieved effective therapeutic results in people with darker skin tones. All-trans retinoic acid gel 0.1-0.4% can be used in combination with hydroquinone-lactic acid ointment. When significant improvement has been achieved, corticosteroids combined with hydroquinone can be used to promote healing. This combination of multiple topical therapeutic agents is beneficial, especially for post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation that occurs on the face. Topical topical azelaic acid can treat common acne and is also effective for post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. 0.1% tazarotene cream is effective in treating pigmentation abnormalities associated with photoaging and may also be effective in patients with common acne, particularly in dark-skinned individuals. Early and effective treatment of acne can reduce pigmentary abnormalities: Other treatments include topical trichloroacetic acid and mild liquid nitrogen freezing. Special care is taken with each treatment to avoid skin necrosis or blistering. These 2 methods should be avoided in people with dark skin because of the possible risk of permanent pigment loss and scarring. Pigmentation concealers can also be used to cover up areas of hyperpigmentation to match the color of the surrounding normal skin. A variety of treatments may be available in the future. Retinoids have depigmentation activity and retinoids reduce the accumulation of pigment in wounds and during epithelialization. A combination of 0.1% retinoid and 6% glycolic acid may be used to treat common acne and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. The peroxidase inhibitor methimazole, a non-cytotoxic inhibitor of melanophore production, may also be used as a topical topical treatment agent in the near future. A series of glycolic acid peels, topical topical azelaic acid Rugao, and adapalene gel may be used to treat intractable melasma. Series of glycolic acid peels, combined with topical topical azelaic acid 20% (applied topically twice a day), and 0.1% adapalene gel (applied 4 times a day at night) can be used to safely and effectively treat intractable melasma. The genus Solanum has been reported to be a potential inhibitor of hyperpigmentation caused by UV exposure. Other studies include that decapeptide-12 inhibits tyrosinase activity in vitro 17 times more than hydroquinone. Decapeptide-12 is not cytotoxic to melanocytes and is therefore a safer drug than hydroquinone. Preliminary studies have found that topical creams of decapeptide-12 can be used in the treatment of melasma. There are various depigmentation drugs. Aloe vera juice leaf extract and its active substance aloe-emodin are a potential skin depigmenting agent. The choice of carrier is also important. Photoglycyrrhizidine microsponge gel is effective in the treatment of hyperpigmentation. It should never be treated with hydroquinone monoanisole because of the risk of disfiguring depigmentation. Depigmentation may occur at the site of topical application or in distant areas of the skin. Topical topical application of epidermal growth factor may reduce laser-induced post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Surgical treatment: After peel-off CO2 laser resurfacing or in combination with fractional photothermal separation can be used to treat post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Paradoxically, 2 sessions of fractional CO2 laser treatment can successfully treat post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Laser treatment may reach dermal hyperpigmentation. 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG low-frequency lasers can treat post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation caused by manipulations such as laser pigmentation and chemical peels.