Uterine fibroids are one of the common benign tumors of the female reproductive system in clinical practice. According to relevant data, the incidence of fibroids has been increasing year by year in recent years due to the change of people’s lifestyle and the aggravation of environmental pollution. The surgical methods for clinical treatment of uterine fibroids usually include transabdominal surgery, transvaginal surgery and laparoscopic surgery. Generally speaking, transabdominal surgery is characterized by simple operation, large number and diameter of fibroids removed, but it can add trauma to the patient and slow recovery. Complications are relatively more frequent. In contrast, transvaginal surgery not only preserves the reproductive function (uterus) and maintains the patient’s endocrine integrity and balance, but also eliminates the need for opening the abdomen, which is less traumatic and results in a faster recovery, although there are problems such as small operative field, difficult operation and easy damage to adjacent organs. As for laparoscopic surgery, it has the advantages of minimally invasive, fast postoperative recovery and few complications in the treatment of single fibroids, but it is more demanding for the operator when treating large fibroids or those embedded deeper in the muscle wall. When performing clinical myomectomy, the appropriate surgical method should be used according to the actual situation of the patient and the operator.