Everyone must have used eye drops or ointment, which seems to be a simple thing, but there is a lot to learn in order to use it well. External eye disease is mainly treated through the local application of eye drops and ointments. Eye drops and ointments are used directly on the diseased area, which makes it easy to achieve the concentration of the drug, more direct and reliable, and can greatly shorten the course of the disease as long as they are used properly. How to be considered the correct use? 1, first of all, check the name of the right medicine, not the wrong point of the drug, especially the pupil dilating drugs and pupil reducing drugs are the opposite of the effect, may cause serious damage to vision will be. Then check whether the eye drops are clear or have been discolored, the vast majority of eye drops are colorless and transparent, but there are also colored eye drops, such as: rifampin eye drops are red, cataract eye drops are yellowish, cortisone or prednisolone eye drops contain white tiny particles. If you find that the eye drops are discolored, mixed, flocculent or other foul substances inside, it means that the drops have deteriorated or have been contaminated, and should be discarded immediately. Usually eye drops should not be used again after a month of opening. 2, the head should be tilted up, with one hand of the index finger pull open the lower eyelid, the other hand holding the bottle, the bottle mouth down, against the lower fornix turned, with the index finger and thumb squeeze pinch the bottle, so that the eye drops, and then immediately pull the upper eyelid, and then the eyes gently closed, so that the eye drops diffuse to the entire surface of the eye, and stay in the conjunctival sac for a little longer. This can be followed by pressing the root of the nose at the inner corner of the eye with the index finger and closing the eye for 3 minutes. The purpose of the pressure is because at the root of the nose at the inner corner of the eye is the tear sac, through which the eye is connected to the nasal cavity and the nasal cavity and the oral cavity. The pressure on the tear sac ensures that the eye drops stay in the conjunctival sac for a certain period of time so that they are fully absorbed at the eye surface to take effect, otherwise the eye drops flow through the tear sac to the nasal cavity and the oral cavity and are absorbed by the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity and the oral cavity, and some drugs are absorbed by the mucous membranes to cause systemic reactions. For example, after ordering atropine eye drops, if the tear sac is not well pressed, the drug can be absorbed through the nasal mucosa to show other effects of atropine: flushed face, dry mouth, panic, no sweating, accelerated pulse, and even increased body temperature. Another example is that after chloramphenicol eye drops, some people feel bitter in the mouth, because the tear sac is not compressed, the drug entered the mouth, so that people feel the bitter taste of the drug. Close the eyes for a few minutes is to make the drops into the eye have enough time to stay in the conjunctival sac and absorb or penetrate into the eye. The method of using eye ointment is the same as above, but there is no need to compress the tear sac. 3. The mouth of the bottle should not touch the eye to avoid contamination of the medicine bottle. 1-2 drops of medicine per dose is enough because the capacity of the conjunctival sac of our eyes is only 0.02ml. 4. It is usually recommended to dose eye drops during the day and apply eye ointment at night. Because applying eye ointment during the day will form a film on the cornea and affect vision, applying eye ointment at night does not have this disadvantage, and less eye activity is conducive to the absorption of eye ointment, so it is best to apply eye ointment before bedtime. However, some patients with corneal ulcers also need to apply eye ointment during the day in order to protect the ulcerated surface and reduce friction and pain. We should also note that the use of medication should be under the guidance of a doctor and not used casually by ourselves. There are some drugs that should not be used for a long time. For example, antibiotic eye drops are designed to inhibit or kill pathogenic bacteria in the eye and eliminate the inflammation caused by pathogenic bacteria, once the purpose is reached, at most maintain a short period of medication to consolidate the efficacy, without long-term drops, long-term use is not only meaningless, but also drug side effects and resistance. For example, long-term use of chloramphenicol eye drops can suppress bone marrow and lead to impaired leukocyte production. There is a certain amount of bacteria in the conjunctival sac of each person’s eye, most of which are non-pathogenic and some of which are pathogenic, and these bacteria do not pose a threat to the eye. At the same time, our eyes are in contact with the atmosphere all the time, except for sleep. Although there are various microorganisms in the atmosphere, as long as our corneal epithelium and conjunctival epithelium are intact, which means that the defense is strong, they do not cause eye inflammation. It is only when the conjunctival epithelium and corneal epithelium are damaged or when the number of pathogenic bacteria infecting the conjunctival sac is high and virulent or when the body’s own resistance is reduced that inflammation is likely to occur, in which case it must be treated with antibiotic eye drops or eye ointment. Hormonal eye drops are also one of the common drugs used in ophthalmology to treat some specific eye diseases with good results. Once the condition improves, the medication should be discontinued, and do not continue to use drops for a long time. This is because long-term medication can produce some more serious side effects and complications. Hormone is one of the immunosuppressants, and long-term use of the drug inhibits the body’s resistance, which can easily lead to the infection and development of corneal bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the eye, and even ulcers and perforations in the corneal tissue, leaving scarring affecting vision later in light lesions and endangering the interior of the eye in severe cases. People with genetic qualities of glaucoma will cause an increase in intraocular pressure after 1-4 weeks of ordering hormones, especially highly concentrated eye drops, which will contribute to the occurrence and development of glaucoma. Hormones can also inhibit the repair process after tissue injury, so that the healing of wounds in the eye after trauma or surgery is affected. Therefore, no matter what kind of eye drops and ointments are used, they should be used under the guidance of a doctor, and never use drugs casually by yourself, so that the condition is not only not treated in time, but also aggravated by complications.