AIDS is an infectious disease that is transmitted mainly through blood, sex and mother-to-child transmission. After infection, it will continuously invade the immune system, including CD4-T lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, resulting in a decrease in the number of CD4-T lymphocytes and a deficiency in immune function, leading to various opportunistic infections and tumors. Therefore, once the diagnosis of AIDS is confirmed, the patient should be seen by the infectious disease department or the infection department as soon as possible to complete relevant tests to assess whether the patient has an opportunistic infection and the current immune status. The patient’s immune status should be evaluated and the appropriate medication should be selected for antiviral treatment.