In September 2010, I went to Chengdu to attend the National Symposium on Thyroid Tumor sponsored by the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association. At the meeting, there was a patient with papillary thyroid cancer on the left side who had undergone three consecutive surgeries in a university hospital for three years, without any treatment after the three surgeries. The size of the tumor was about 12 cm and the movement of the upper limb was limited. The chance of another surgery was lost and only palliative treatment was available, and it was difficult to determine the efficacy. Although this is an extreme case of irregular treatment, it also reflects how important the standardized treatment is. The vast majority of thyroid cancers are treated well, and the treatment of thyroid cancer must be standardized, otherwise, the consequences are unimaginable. For thyroid cancer, the principle of surgical treatment should first consider the characteristics of the tumor and its clinical biology, and we advocate “accurate preoperative evaluation and precise implementation of individualized treatment plan” in order to reduce “under-treatment” and “over-treatment”. In order to reduce the occurrence of “under-treatment” and “over-treatment”.