Although normal women also have a certain amount of vaginal discharge, it is clear, transparent, odorless and does not cause vulvar irritation. Because of different pathogens, the characteristics, nature and degree of itching of the discharge vary from one vulvar and vaginal inflammation to another, so gynecological examination and leucorrhoea examination (e.g. leucorrhoea for trichomonas, candida, gonococcus, BV bacterial, mycoplasma, chlamydia, etc.) are needed to make a clear diagnosis. (1) Non-specific vulvovaginitis: itching, pain and burning sensation in the mucous membrane of the vulvar skin, aggravated by activity, sexual intercourse, urination and defecation. Examination reveals vulvar congestion, swelling, erosion, often with scratch marks, and in severe cases, ulcers or eczema. Chronic inflammation can cause vulvar skin thickening, roughness, cracking and even mossy changes. (2) vestibular adenitis: inflammation is mostly on one side, local swelling, pain, burning sensation, walking inconvenience, occasionally can cause difficulty in urination and defecation. The examination shows local skin redness and swelling, heat, pressure pain, and occasional white dots at the opening of the vestibular gland on the affected side. When an abscess is formed, the pain increases and the diameter of the abscess can reach 3-6 cm, and a sense of fluctuation can be palpated locally. When the pressure inside the abscess increases, the surface skin becomes thin and the abscess breaks down on its own; if the hole is large, it can drain on its own and the inflammation will subside and heal faster; if the hole is small and the drainage is poor, the inflammation will continue to not subside and there can be repeated acute attacks. i∵ (3) Vestibular gland cysts: the cysts are mostly small and gradually large, mostly unilateral, but also bilateral. If the cyst is small and not infected, the patient may have no conscious symptoms and is often detected during gynecological examination; if the cyst is large, the patient may have a feeling of vulvar swelling or discomfort during sexual intercourse. The cysts are mostly oval in shape, varying in size and located in the lower posterior part of the vulva and may protrude towards the lateral labia majora. (4) Trichomonas vaginalis: The main symptoms are increased leucorrhea and vulvar itching, with occasional burning, pain and painful intercourse. The leukorrhea is yellowish green foamy thin pus-like discharge with foul odor. The itchy areas are mainly the vaginal opening and vulva. In severe cases, there are scattered small bleeding spots and even spotted bleeding spots on the cervix, forming a “strawberry-like” cervix, and a large amount of leucorrhea in the posterior fornix. (5) Pseudomonas vulvae: The main manifestations are vulvar itching, burning pain, painful intercourse and painful urination, and increased leucorrhea in some patients. The leucorrhea is white and sticky curd-like or tofu-like. Examination reveals erythema and edema of vulva, often with scratch marks, and in severe cases, skin cracking and epidermal peeling. The inner labia minora and vaginal mucosa are covered with white masses, which are removed to reveal the red and swollen mucosal surface. (6) Bacterial vaginosis: The main manifestation is increased leucorrhea, which may be accompanied by mild vulvar itching or burning sensation. The leukorrhea is a homogeneous, thin, off-white discharge that is easily swabbed away from the vaginal wall. (7) Atrophic vaginitis: The main symptoms are burning sensation in the vulva, itching and increased leucorrhea. The leucorrhea is thin and yellowish, or purulent in severe cases. On examination, the vaginal mucosa is atrophied and the epithelial folds disappear; the vaginal mucosa is congested with scattered small bleeding spots or punctate bleeding spots; occasionally superficial ulcers can be seen and the ulcerated surface may adhere to the opposite side, which may cause vaginal stenosis or even atresia in severe cases, and pus may accumulate in the vaginal or uterine cavity if the leucorrhea is not drained properly.