The misuse of antibiotics is a worldwide problem, commonly known as: “anti-inflammatory drugs”. The problem is particularly serious in our country, and the reasons are many. The misuse of antibiotics has led to bacterial resistance and the emergence of “superbugs”, which may leave us with no drugs and no powerful weapons in the battle against bacteria in the future. The most common diseases in which pediatric antibiotics are misused are upper respiratory tract infections and diarrheal diseases. Upper respiratory tract infections in particular are the most serious. Ninety percent of upper respiratory tract infections are viral and most do not require antibiotics. This requires ancillary tests, most often blood work or C-reactive protein (CRP), to identify or decide whether to apply antibiotics. The physician can decide based on the level of WBC and CRP. Whether antibiotics are needed and whether they should be administered intravenously or orally. Generally speaking, if the temperature is over 38.5 degrees, it is best to check the blood count. If the fever is simple and the pharyngeal congestion is not obvious, no routine blood test is needed and the patient can be treated and observed. If the fever is accompanied by obvious sore throat, congestion in the pharynx, especially purulent discharge from the tonsils, antibiotics are recommended. If antibiotics are not used, it is better to apply antibiotics if the fever is more than 3 days old, or if there is a significant cough, or to see the doctor again. Here, too, the cooperation and trust of the child’s parents and physician are required. When antibiotics are applied, because children are at the stage of growth and development, their organ functions are not well developed, their detoxification function is poor, and their ability to express themselves is poor, some drugs cannot be used, such as PPA, which can affect cartilage development; cotrimoxazole is not used within 1 year of age, and butamycin or nethimycin is not used within 6 years of age – causing hearing and kidney damage. But also can not be overkill, or look at the “antibiotics fiercer than a tiger,” “the grass is always greener,” antibiotics to be used reasonably, and not in order to complete the target set by superiors, some medical staff on blind obedience. The actual fact is that you can find a number of patients who have been diagnosed with pneumonia in a large hospital, but not with antibiotics, resulting in a delayed condition. The actual antibiotics, the time to use, otherwise the condition aggravated, should not use and use, is indiscriminate or abuse, resulting in unnecessary waste of medical resources and unnecessary side effects of drugs.