Vocal cord leukoplakia is a keratinizing and proliferative lesion of the mucosal epithelium of the vocal cords, which is relatively common and is often considered to be a precancerous lesion. However, vocal cord leukoplakia develops slowly and may become cancerous only after several years or more than ten years. Therefore, when vocal cord leukoplakia is found, it should neither be taken lightly nor be alarmed, as vocal cord leukoplakia can be cured. The pathogenesis of vocal cord leukoplakia is still unclear, but it may be related to smoking, improper use of voice, chronic laryngitis and immune system decline due to subhealth. The main pathological changes are epithelial cell proliferation and local inflammatory changes. Symptoms The main symptom is hoarseness, which worsens with the development of the lesion. Laryngoscopy reveals a white membranous layer on the surface of the vocal folds or their edges, or a white hyperplastic bulge on the surface of the vocal folds, limited in extent, or spreading to the entire vocal folds, with normal vocal fold movement. If cancer occurs, the vocal folds may be restricted. Treatment of vocal cord leukoplakia 1.First of all, quit smoking and alcohol. Vocal cord leukoplakia, like laryngeal cancer, mainly occurs in adult males, mainly due to the stimulation of smoking and alcohol. Therefore, after the discovery of vocal cord leukoplakia, you should first quit smoking and alcohol, and eat less stimulating food. In addition, the occurrence of leukoplakia is related to the decline of human immunity, so after the discovery of vocal cord leukoplakia, life should be regular, usually to combine work and rest, do not stay up late and overwork; pay attention to exercise, enhance physical fitness. 2, “inflammatory” white spots (white spots with laryngitis) conservative treatment. It can be treated conservatively first. After quitting smoking, alcohol and Chinese medicine, the laryngitis will subside significantly and the white inflammatory exudate on the surface of the vocal cords will be reduced or disappear completely with the reduction of inflammation. After the reduction or disappearance of white spots, follow up and review every 1-3 months. Optional surgery is also available. 3.Surgical excision of “proliferative” white spots. The surface of the vocal cords gray-white keratinized hyperplasia, thickening, rough protrusion, such white spots generally can not disappear after drug treatment, it is best to remove the white spots with laser. 4.Vocal cord leukoplakia surgery. Vocal cord leukoplakia is a precancerous lesion, and there is no special drug treatment, so the clinical method to remove the vocal cord leukoplakia is surgical. Whether and when to operate for vocal cord leukoplakia depends on the doctor’s rich clinical experience. If only the white spots are removed during the surgery, it is easy to recur, and the mucous membrane attached to the white spots must be removed. 5.Treatment after the cancer of vocal cord leukoplakia. Vocal cord leukoplakia is a precancerous lesion, if the pathology reports that the leukoplakia has become cancerous after surgery, you should not panic, but must think calmly and choose the best treatment method, i.e. do not fail to treat, and do not over-treat. Post-operative treatment of vocal cord leukoplakia 1. First of all, you should quit smoking and alcohol, and have a regular life. Usually, you should eat less stimulating food. Usually pay attention to exercise and enhance physical fitness. 2, “inflammatory” white spots (laryngitis with white spots), after quitting smoking, Chinese medicine treatment, laryngitis will obviously subside, white spots will also be reduced or completely disappear with the reduction of inflammation, once every 1 month review. After the white spot disappears, it will be rechecked every 3-4 months. 3, “proliferative” white spots, the surface of the vocal cords gray-white keratinized hyperplasia, thickening and protrusion, white spots generally can not disappear through drug treatment, the best laser removal of white spots. If there is a heavy inflammation at the same time, the white spots can be surgically removed after they are confined and reduced by oral Chinese medicine. 4.White spots are easy to recur after surgery. 5.If the white spot is cancerous, one side of the vocal cord should be removed by laser, or partial laryngectomy should be performed.