1.What are the characteristics of dust mite allergy epidemic?
(1) The distribution of dust mites is worldwide, and the domestic distribution is also extremely wide;
(2) There are many factors in the development of dust mite allergy, usually related to regional, occupational, exposure and genetic factors;
(3) The incidence of dust mite allergy is higher in children than in adults, with about half of the patients developing the disease before the age of 12;
(4) Dust mite asthma occurs in spring and autumn, and a few cases can have year-round attacks.
2.What are the characteristics of allergic reactions caused by dust mites?
(1) Dust mite allergy is an exogenous allergic reaction, and patients often have a family history of allergy or a personal history of allergy;
(2) The nature of the allergen one opinion is that the secretions, excretions, molted skin and dead insects from dust mites, especially these metabolites decompose into tiny particles under the action of bacteria and fungi, which can float in the air and be easily inhaled, are strong allergens;
(3) Another opinion is that dust mites are able to gather allergens from house dust, and their intestines are an excellent environment for the production of allergen breakdown products, so the mites themselves are not allergens;
(4) Although allergens are commonly found in the environment, the cause of their development is mainly related to the specific reactivity of the body.
3.What are the common clinical manifestations of dust mite allergy?
(1) Dust mite asthma: It is an inhalation asthma with initial onset in early childhood, with a history of infantile eczema, or with a history of chronic fine bronchitis. Sudden, recurrent attacks are the characteristic manifestations of this syndrome, followed by chest tightness and shortness of breath, inability to lie down, expiratory dyspnea, and in severe cases, cyanosis of the lips and fingers due to lack of oxygen.
(2) Allergic rhinitis: Once exposed to allergens, the attack can be sudden, and the duration is related to the time and amount of exposure, and the symptoms disappear quickly. The symptoms are nasal congestion, itching in the nose, continuous sneezing and large amounts of clear water nasal discharge.
4.What are the principles of prevention and treatment of dust mite allergy?
(1) Avoid contact: mainly pay attention to cleanliness and hygiene, often remove indoor dust, diligently wash bed sheets and dry bedding mattresses; bedroom and warehouse should be kept ventilated, dry and less dusty. You can also use acaricides to exterminate mites, such as: 7% Nipah net, 1% lindane, carbofuran, etc. all have certain effects.
(2) Desensitization treatment: After determining the allergen, desensitization treatment can be carried out for dust mites. Dose from small to large, once a week, 15 weeks for a course of treatment, the efficiency can reach more than 70%.
5.How to prevent dust mite allergy?
(1) Try not to use carpets and pile curtains at home, and try to use flooring, blinds and roller blinds at home.
(2) Try not to use sofas and velvet cushions at home, and choose furniture made of wood, bamboo, metal and plastic that is easy to clean.
(3) home to avoid some fluffy products placed objects, such as long plush toys, woolen decorations. At the same time, the extra clothes should be packed up and put in the locker.
(4) Usually use bed covers, so that when you sleep directly removed, you can ensure the cleanliness of the bed furniture. Bed sheets and pillowcases are washed regularly, preferably with hot water once every two weeks.
(5) bookcases are best with glass doors. f, regular cleaning and diligent cleaning, but note that must be “wet” treatment, such as mopping with a wet mop, wipe with a wet rag, etc..
(6) keep indoor air circulation, the use of dehumidification and with negative ion or plasma sterilization function of the air conditioner, and pay attention to the regular cleaning of the air conditioner.
(7) Do not keep pets.