The common ones include tonsillectomy, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty for snoring, epiglottic cystectomy and vocal cord polypectomy, etc. Other surgeries include laryngeal cancer resection. Many patients do not understand the situation before and after the surgery, so the following is a list of precautions to be taken before and after the surgery for the first four types of surgery. Before the surgery, you should pay attention to rest and avoid upper respiratory tract infection. If for some reason you have been taking aspirin for a long time, you need to stop taking it for at least one week. Female patients need to avoid surgery during their menstrual period. The surgery is performed under general anesthesia. You can take a shower the day before the surgery to make sure your body is clean, and you cannot eat or drink after 11:00 p.m. If you need to take medication by mouth that you must take on the day of the surgery such as blood pressure medication, you can only swallow the pill with a small sip of water. After entering the operating room, the nurse will check with the patient’s name, bed position and surgical site, and the anesthesiologist will check with the patient’s age and weight to calculate the amount of anesthetic, then place the blood pressure meter cuff, electrocardiogram electrodes and clips for measuring oxygen saturation, you just need to lie quietly on the bed, breathe steadily, and slowly fall into sleep after anesthesia, and when you wake up, the surgery is over. After returning to the ward after general anesthesia surgery, you need to lie flat or lie with your head 20 degrees higher. Gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea and vomiting may occur, so you need to turn your head to the side to prevent saliva and vomit from being accidentally inhaled into the respiratory tract. During the 3 hours after surgery, the nurse will measure blood pressure, pulse and respiration once an hour to observe the indicators of the patient’s vital signs. After tonsillectomy, pendulopalatopharyngoplasty and epiglottic cystectomy, patients can start to eat cold fluids such as ice water, ice bricks and cold milk first, and then they can eat semi-liquid such as cold porridge and egg stew (with less salt) in the afternoon of the next day after surgery, and then gradually eat soft food according to the recovery of the pharynx. Pay attention to keep the mouth clean, and gargle with metronidazole mouthwash or salt water after each meal. If there is liquid flowing down the throat after surgery and you want to swallow it, you need to spit it out in order to observe whether it is fresh blood. The white film in the tonsillar fossa starts to grow and cover the wound surface in 1-2 days after surgery, and the white film starts to fall off by about 10-14 days, and the tonsillar fossa is covered by mucous membrane again. The wound may also bleed when the white film falls off, at which time the blood can be spit out and not swallowed, do not be overly nervous, it will usually stop by itself, if the bleeding is more, you need to go to the emergency room. After uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, the patient may reflux to the nasal cavity when drinking water and milk. This is because the soft palate is shortened and swollen after surgery, and the magnitude of lifting is small, so it cannot close the nasopharyngeal cavity, and the liquid refluxes upward to the nasal cavity. This phenomenon will disappear after one month when the swelling of the soft palate subsides. Patients should not eat iced food after vocal fold polyp removal, but should eat room temperature liquid or semi-liquid. Since the lesion of vocal fold polyp is in the larynx, food will not pass through the lesion when eating and swallowing, so soft food can be eaten earlier. The laryngeal nebulizer inhalation treatment can be done twice a day in the ward to promote the decompression of the vocal cords. After discharge from the hospital, it is still necessary to pay attention to the pronunciation method and avoid excessive vocalization to prevent the recurrence of polyps.