The first is hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are a chronic disease in which the venous plexus at the base of the anorectum and anal mucosa is stagnant, dilated, and flexed to form one or more soft venous masses. In our country, hemorrhoids are the most common anorectal disease, and there are “nine hemorrhoids in ten men” and “ten hemorrhoids in ten women”. It can develop at any age, and the older you are, the higher the incidence. The reason for hemorrhoids can be divided into the following categories: (1) anatomical reasons: when a person is in a standing or sitting position, the anorectum is located in the lower part of the body, the role of gravity and organ compression, the venous reflux resistance, plus the anorectal veins lack a venous valve (one-way valve to prevent blood backflow), so the blood flow is more likely to stagnate and cause venous plexus tortuosity, expansion. In addition, the compression of the vein by the fecal mass and muscle will also affect the venous reflux. (2) Local stimulation or eating habits: cold, heat, infection, diarrhea, constipation and excessive drinking or spicy food can stimulate the anus, resulting in venous congestion and dilation, affecting venous reflux. (3) Occupational factors: long sitting, long standing or long-term weight-bearing distance travel affect venous reflux, causing venous overfilling; and because the amount of exercise is too little to slow down intestinal peristalsis, fecal block down slowly; habitual constipation can also stimulate or compress the veins, causing venous reflux disorders. (4) Increased venous pressure in the anus: in patients with cirrhosis or heart failure, venous reflux in the anus is obstructed, which leads to venous congestion and dilation and increased venous pressure. (5) Elevated intra-abdominal pressure: abdominal tumors, prostate hypertrophy, pregnancy, squatting for too long, eating too much can increase intra-abdominal pressure, affecting the venous reflux in the anus. Fourth, what is the high incidence of hemorrhoids (1) white-collar workers: white-collar workers are sitting all day, which will make the pelvic blood flow slow, hemorrhoidal vein filling, if the lack of exercise, like to eat spicy and other stimulating food, that is more likely to trigger hemorrhoids. (2) Big belly bosses: “success” after the activity is significantly reduced; plus more socializing, often smoking, drinking, staying up late, a variety of meals on the unreasonable structure of the diet, etc. easy to trigger hemorrhoids. (3) Drivers: sedentary causes abdominal blood flow to slow down, lower limb venous blood circulation is blocked, rectal veins are prone to varicose, blood stagnation, easily triggered hemorrhoids. (4) Pregnant women: During pregnancy, the arterial blood flow in the pelvis of pregnant women increases, and as the fetus develops the uterus grows larger, which in turn compresses the pelvis and obstructs the blood return in the hemorrhoidal vessels; plus pregnant women often have difficulty defecating or are constipated, which can trigger hemorrhoids or make them worse. (5) Patients with constipation: the increase in anal pressure, excessive stretching of soft tissues such as muscles leads to poor blood supply and prominent rectal mucosal edema, making them susceptible to hemorrhoids. (6) Elderly patients with hemorrhoids: elderly patients have a high incidence of hemorrhoids due to slow intestinal peristalsis and high incidence of constipation. There is a serrated annular line at the junction of the skin and rectal mucosa, which is medically referred to as the dentate line. Hemorrhoids are divided into three categories using the dentate line as a boundary: internal, external, and mixed hemorrhoids. The hemorrhoids that appear above the dentate line are called internal hemorrhoids, the hemorrhoids that appear below the dentate line are called external hemorrhoids, and the hemorrhoids that appear above and below the dentate line are called mixed hemorrhoids. The actual hemorrhoids are a lot more than just the hemorrhoids. The main areas include the following: (1) Develop good eating habits. Patients should never eat spicy and irritating foods after surgery, but mainly light foods that help with bowel movements, such as fruits and vegetables, and also keep well hydrated every day. (2) Keep the bowel movement smooth. Develop good defecation habits, preferably after 24 hours after hemorrhoid surgery, because if you defecate too early, the dry stool may infect the wound and cause complications, increasing the patient’s pain. In the future, you should develop the habit of defecating every day in your daily life, even if you don’t have the urge to defecate, you should go to the toilet and squat for a while, so that you will develop the habit of defecating regularly over time. (3) Keep the anus clean. The best way to keep your anus clean is to use warm water after a bowel movement, which not only relieves pain but also promotes blood circulation so that the wound can heal faster. Six, how to prevent hemorrhoids (1) strengthen physical exercise. Avoid continuously maintaining the same posture to increase blood circulation, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, and promote bowel excretion. (2) Prevent constipation. Ensure smooth bowel movement and develop the habit of having a bowel movement every morning. (3) Eat more fruits and vegetables containing more fiber. Such as leeks, celery, loofah, cabbage, spinach, etc., can increase the volume of stool, promote intestinal peristalsis, more suitable for habitual constipation. At the same time less spicy and stimulating food, such as chili, pepper and alcohol. (4) Pay attention to rest. Staying up late and exertion are factors that trigger hemorrhoids. (5) Pay attention to perianal hygiene. If you have the conditions to use warm water to wash the best effect.