Secondary glaucoma is a group of glaucoma with elevated intraocular pressure due to certain eye diseases or systemic diseases that affect or disrupt the normal atrial circulation, causing obstruction of atrial aqueous drainage, and its etiology is relatively clear. Secondary glaucoma can also be divided into two categories: closed-angle and open-angle, depending on whether the anterior chamber angle is closed or open. Because secondary glaucoma has a more severe primary lesion, treatment is often more complex and has a poorer prognosis than primary glaucoma. The following are some common types of secondary glaucoma: 1. Iridocyclitis secondary to glaucoma Acute iridocyclitis does not usually cause an increase in IOP, but only when there is a lot of inflammatory exudate and a high protein content in the atrial fluid, which can cause a moderate increase in IOP. Repeated episodes of iridocyclitis cause extensive posterior pupillary adhesions or peripheral anterior iris adhesions, which can cause elevated IOP due to obstructed atrial fluid drainage. In acute iridocyclitis, the pupil should be adequately dilated to prevent post-pupillary adhesions, and IOP-lowering medications should be used when IOP is elevated. In most cases, surgery is required for pupillary adhesions and atresia. 2. Glaucomatous ciliary dyskinesia syndrome occurs in middle-aged men. Typical cases present with episodes of elevated intraocular pressure, with lambda-like deposits on the posterior corneal wall, cloudy atrial fluid, no post-pupillary adhesions, deep anterior chamber, and open atrial angle. The prognosis is better than that of primary open angle glaucoma, but it is prone to recurrence. Treatment can be done with drops of thiamoxinan and other IOP-lowering drugs, hormonal eye drops to suppress inflammation. 3, hormonal glaucoma long-term local drops or systemic application of hormones, can cause an increase in intraocular pressure. The clinical manifestations are similar to primary open-angle glaucoma, and detailed questioning of the medication history is needed to clarify the diagnosis. After discontinuing hormone use, most cases can gradually return to normal IOP, but in a few cases, IOP cannot be reduced to normal, and can be treated according to the principles of primary open angle glaucoma treatment. For those who apply hormone for a long time, the IOP should be monitored, so this kind of secondary glaucoma mostly has no conscious symptoms, if the IOP is not detected in time, it can often lead to serious visual impairment and even blindness. 4, cataract secondary glaucoma Ageing cataract expansion phase lens volume increases, pushing the crystal iris septum forward, can make the anterior chamber shallow, atrial angle closed and occur similar to acute angle closure glaucoma acute IOP elevation. The principle of treatment is to remove the cataract and implant an IOL, or if the atrial angle is already adherent, to perform combined cataract and glaucoma surgery. In cataract overmaturity, the lens cortex liquefies and leaks into the anterior chamber and is phagocytosed by macrophages. Macrophages that have phagocytosed lens proteins or macromolecular lens proteins can block the trabecular network, blocking the outflow of atrial fluid and increasing IOP. The treatment principle is also to remove the cataract and implant an IOL. 5. Anterior chamber blood accumulation secondary to glaucoma (1) Early acute IOP elevation after trauma is often associated with large amounts of anterior chamber blood accumulation or trabecular injury. Erythrocytes accumulate on the trabecular network or inflammatory edema of the trabecular network, causing obstruction of atrial aqueous drainage. (2) Vitreous hemoglobin accumulation, phagocytosis of decomposed hemoglobin by macrophages or degenerated red blood cells can block the trabecular network, and the outflow of atrial fluid is obstructed, causing hemolytic glaucoma or hemophakic glaucoma. The treatment is to control the IOP and inhibit the inflammatory reaction with drugs first. In a few cases, if the drugs cannot be controlled, the anterior chamber blood or degenerated blood cells can be flushed surgically. 6, atrial angle regression glaucoma The atrial angle is torn after the contusion of the eye, which can occur in the early post-injury period or months or even more than 10 years after the IOP increase, and the anterior chamber angle can be seen to be abnormally widened by angioscopy. The treatment principle is the same as primary open angle glaucoma. 7.Neovascular glaucoma is a kind of glaucoma caused by vascular diseases secondary to central retinal vein obstruction and diabetic retinopathy. It is caused by hypoxia in the retina or anterior segment of the eye, resulting in the formation of neovascularization and fibrovascular membranes in the iris and atrial trabecular network, which eventually leads to adhesions in front of the peripheral iris and hinders the drainage of atrial fluid, resulting in increased intraocular pressure. The disease is recalcitrant and often cannot be controlled with general antiglaucoma medications or filtration surgery; drainage valve implantation may be effective.