Hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (HUI) are a common complication in hospitalized patients. One situation where catheter-associated urinary tract infection is considered preventable. Stroke patients are more prone to patient-acquired urinary tract infections, which may be related to changes in immune function, abnormal bladder function, and catheter use. Fever and a systemic inflammatory response can affect the prognosis of stroke patients. Prophylactic use of antibiotics, antimicrobial urinary catheters and reduction of inappropriate catheterization are common measures to prevent urinary tract infections after stroke. Prophylactic use of antibiotics is not effective, and the specific preventive effect may be related to the type of antibiotic used. Short-term (<1 week) use of antimicrobial urinary catheters is appropriate, but prolonged indwelling catheterization certainly increases the incidence of infection. Fear of decubitus ulcers is often a reason for physicians to recommend catheterization, but some studies have shown that catheterization does not reduce the risk of decubitus ulcers. The benefits and advantages of catheterization in patients without bladder dysfunction (urinary retention or incontinence) need to be carefully evaluated. Because urinary retention or incontinence itself increases the risk of infection, indwelling catheterization may be a measure of last resort.