After pregnancy, pregnant women’s body enzymes have certain changes, which have a certain impact on the metabolic process of certain drugs. Drugs are not easily detoxified and excreted, there can be accumulative poisoning, and in early pregnancy when the fetal organs are formed, drugs have a certain impact on the fetus, so it is best not to take drugs for colds. But everything is divided into two, pregnant women use drugs have certain risks, but not completely unhelpful. For example, folic acid in early pregnancy and vitamin medication during pregnancy can meet the nutritional intake needs of the mother-to-be and her baby. At the same time, the impact of some diseases themselves on the fetus and mother far exceeds the impact of drugs, and then the pros and cons should be weighed and the drugs should be used reasonably under the guidance of a doctor. The effects of drugs on the fetus during various periods of pregnancy Currently, the main basis for evaluating the degree of harm of drugs on pregnant women and fetuses is the standards issued by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). I have divided the commonly used drugs into five categories: A, B, C, D and X levels. Class A: no damage to the fetus has been observed by clinical control, is the safest category; Class B: no damage to fetal animals has been seen in animal tests, but there is a lack of clinical control observation information; or animal tests have been observed to damage fetal animals, but clinical control observation studies have failed to confirm; Class A and B drugs belong to the drugs that are not or almost not harmful to the fetus and pregnant women, and can generally be used safely during pregnancy, such as a variety of vitamin class and calcium preparations, and some antibiotics, such as penicillin family, cephalosporins, etc. Class C: animal experiments and clinical control observation data are not available; or there is damage to animals and fetuses, but lack of clinical control observation data. The choice of these drugs is most difficult, and many drugs commonly used during pregnancy belong to this category; Class D: there is a certain amount of clinical data indicating that the drug is harmful to the fetus, but the clinical need is very important, and there is a lack of alternative drugs, then the decision can be made by weighing the severity of the harm and clinical indications; Class C and D drugs are harmful to the fetus (teratogenic or abortive), but beneficial to pregnant women, must be used carefully after weighing the pros and cons. Such as some antibiotics, hormones. Class X: animal experimental results and clinical data indicate that the fetus is harmful, generally has exceeded the beneficial benefits achieved by the therapeutic application, belong to the drugs prohibited during pregnancy; these drugs are seriously harmful to the fetus and are prohibited during pregnancy, such as anti-cancer drugs, sex hormones (estrogen, synthetic progestin), etc. However, Class A and B drugs are not guaranteed to be absolutely safe because there are individual differences among pregnant women. Moreover, due to the limitations of basic and clinical research, there are many drugs that have not yet been graded. Drugs that endanger fetal development 1. Pregnant women should not use over-the-counter drugs casually, and all medications should be under the guidance of a doctor; 2. drugs that are less harmful to the embryo and fetus should be chosen; 3. drugs should be used in accordance with the least effective dose and the shortest effective course of treatment, avoiding blindly using large doses and long periods of time, and avoiding combined medications; 4. drugs should be avoided in the early stages of pregnancy if not necessary; 5. if local medications can be used Avoid systemic use of drugs if they are effective locally; 6. Read the drug instructions in detail before use and try not to use drugs that are “cautioned for maternal use” or “contraindicated for maternal use”; 7. If the mother’s disease makes the fetus sick, she should choose a safe drug with the concentration of the drug in the fetus and amniotic fluid close to that of the mother, and treat the mother and child together; 8, DNA testing technology can be used to distinguish and grasp what drugs can be used safely during this period. Precautions for medication during pregnancy When using Chinese medicine during pregnancy, we must consider the effects of Chinese medicine on the pregnant woman and her fetus to prevent fetal malformation and miscarriage, and try not to use herbs that can be used. All pungent and dissipative, pungent and hot, slippery, bruising, blood-breaking and toxic drugs should be used with caution or banned, as follows: 1. Prohibited Chinese medicines: pungent and orifice medicine: musk. The blood and blood stasis medicine: leeches, gadfly, curcuma, trigon. The first thing you need to do is to take a look at the following list. The big poisonous medicine: mercury, clear powder, spotted vermin, toad. 2, careful use of drugs: blood circulation and remove blood stasis drugs: peach kernel, Pu Huang, five ling fat, myrrh, Su Mu, soapberry, cow’s knee. Stagnation-busting drugs: Citrus aurantium. Attacking and relieving water: rhubarb, mannitol, dong quai zi, mu tong. Pungent heat and warming medicine: Radix et Rhizoma, cinnamon, ginger. 3. Prohibited Chinese medicines: Niuhuang Detoxification Pill, Niuhuang Qingxin Pill, Gentian Diarrhea Liver Pill, Kaixu Shunqi Pill, Yimu Cao Paste, Dahuo Luo Dan, Xiaohuo Luo Dan, Zihua Dan, Zhi Bao Dan, Suhe Xiang Pill, etc. Once a pregnant mother has a cold, she should control the infection and eliminate the virus as soon as possible. If it is a light cold, rest in bed and drink more water. If it is a heavy cold, you should be hospitalized and remind the doctor not to use contraindicated medicine. If you have high fever for more than three consecutive days, ask your doctor to do ultrasound to check for fetal malformation after recovering from the illness. It is mostly used for fungal infections of the skin and mucous membranes, such as ringworm, ringworm, and tinea capitis, etc. Animal experiments have found that it not only has embryotoxic effects, but also that when used externally by lactating women, its drug components can be secreted into breast milk, and although no obvious adverse reactions or malformations have been reported clinically, this drug should be used with caution for healthy fertility. 2, Dakine cream: containing miconazole nitrate. Generally have local irritation, if the skin is locally sensitive, prone to contact dermatitis, or local irritation occurs due to burning sensation, erythema, peeling and blistering, etc.. If the above reactions occur when using the drug, it should be discontinued in time to avoid aggravation of skin lesions or infection. 3, Bactrim ointment (mupirocin): is an antibiotic topical ointment, more widely used in skin infections. However, a number of experts believe that it is best not to use the drug during pregnancy. Because the polyethylene glycol in this cream will be absorbed and accumulated throughout the body, which may cause a series of adverse reactions. 4, acyclovir ointment: is an antiviral topical drug. Anti-viral drugs generally inhibit the replication of viral DNA (ribonucleic acid), but also have an inhibitory effect on the DNA polymerase of human cells, thus affecting the replication of human DNA. Therefore, caution should be exercised when using various topical antiviral drugs during pregnancy. 5, cortisol drugs: applied to skin diseases more. These drugs have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects, such as the treatment of urticaria, eczema, drug rash, contact dermatitis, etc.. However, when used extensively or topically for a long period of time by women during pregnancy, they can cause hyperalgesia in infants and can be absorbed transdermally and distributed in small doses into breast milk. In addition, these drugs can also cause amenorrhea and menstrual disorders in women, so it is best not to use them in women who want to have children.