Recent clinical observations have shown an increased detection rate of endometrial polyps in women with infertility or miscarriage. It has been found that the site of endometrial polyps, especially those located at the opening of the fallopian tubes, may prevent sperm transport and sperm-egg union, which may interfere with the conception process and affect pregnancy. Endometrial polyps, especially multiple polyps, may cause morphological changes in the uterine cavity, reduce the volume of the uterine cavity, and form an occupancy in the uterine cavity, preventing sperm transport and embryo implantation, thus preventing pregnancy. Endometrial polyps also interfere with pregnancy by altering the endometrial environment necessary for embryo implantation. Some studies have reported that endometrial polyps are often associated with luteal insufficiency, which may be due to altered expression of hormone receptors. In addition, it has been suggested that the basal mucosa covering the polyp may interfere with implantation and affect placental and metaphase growth, leading to early pregnancy abortion and infertility.