Thyroid disease is a more common disease, and its surgical treatment has good efficacy. Strengthening the care before and after surgery, especially the early detection of complications after surgery helps medical staff to cooperate with active resuscitation early, which can greatly reduce the morbidity and mortality rate. 1, diet, drugs: the second day after surgery can be given warm or cool liquid, semi-liquid diet, such as rice soup, vegetable puree, etc., the first time to drink plain water to prevent choking and aspiration of lungs, and should not eat too fast; should not drink strong tea, coffee and other stimulating drinks; hyperthyroidism after surgery need to continue to take compound iodine solution for 7 days; bilateral thyroid gland secondary or total excision, to take long-term thyroxine tablets, observe whether there are signs of thyroid crisis ( The medication should be taken according to medical advice). 2. Pain: You can adopt a semi-recumbent position to properly protect the surgical incision; avoid neck bending or hyperextension or rapid head movements to prevent tracheal compression or to cause wound pulling pain; support your head with your hands when you get up to avoid being pulled. 3.Risk of asphyxia: If there is poor breathing and swelling of the neck, it indicates bleeding from the trauma and should be promptly informed to the medical staff for treatment. 4.Convulsions: If numbness around the face, mouth and lips or hands and feet, and in severe cases, when tonic twitching of hand and foot muscles occurs, mild cases can take oral calcium and control foods with high phosphorus content in the diet, such as milk, egg yolk and fish, etc. Severe cases need intravenous push of calcium, which can rapidly improve the symptoms of convulsions. 5. Thyroid crisis: It occurs mostly within 48 hours after surgery and is characterized by high fever, profuse sweating, increased heart rate, delirium and diarrhea, etc. It is important to prevent it by strictly controlling hyperthyroidism before surgery and giving hormones, iodine, heart rate control and physical cooling after it occurs. In summary, after thyroid disease surgery, it is important to pay attention to a variety of aspects to prevent and detect thyroid surgery complications early.