The diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation is based on the following: 1. History, symptoms and signs of lumbar disc herniation. Most patients have single lumbar pain and pain in the lower extremities. Lower extremity pain is predominantly radiating, and this pain and numbness radiates along the travel and innervation zone of the affected nerve root and is characteristic, hence the term root-type pain. The pain or numbness can be episodic or persistent. Sometimes there is a clear relationship between the appearance and relief of symptoms and the position and posture of the patient’s low back. Low back activity, coughing, sneezing, straining to defecate, and deep breathing can cause an increase in symptoms, which can be bilateral or unilateral. The pain can be bilateral or unilateral. The pain is relieved when resting in bed with the hip and knee flexed. Most of the pain is intermittent, but a few of them are persistent. When the affected nerve roots are severely damaged, the strength of the innervated muscles is reduced and sensation is diminished. 2. Positive straight leg raise test, positive ankle dorsiflexion strengthening test, positive femoral nerve pull test. The tendon reflex is weakened or absent, and the thumb muscle strength is reduced.3. The imaging (X-ray frontal and lateral views, myelography, electromyography, CT, MRI) findings are basically consistent with the clinical presentation.4. Pain due to extra-lumbar pathology (acute lumbar sprain, lumbar tuberculosis, lumbar spinal stenosis, lumbar osteophytes, and pear-shaped muscle injury syndrome) is excluded.