TORCH, first proposed by Nahmias et al. in 1971, is a group of pathogens that can cause congenital intrauterine infections and perinatal infections resulting in neonatal malformations, including: T (toxo-plasma, TOX, toxoplasma), O (others, such as coxsackievirus, syphilis spirochetes, microviruses, etc.), R (rubella virus, RV. rubella virus), C (cytomegalovirus, CMV, cytomegalovirus), H (herpes simplex virus, HSV, herpes simplex virus, divided into types I and II). Interpretation of TORCH screening results IgG and IgM are negative, suggesting that no infection can be pregnant and rubella vaccination can be given 3 months in advance; IgG negative and IgM positive, acute infection may occur, or may be false positive or long-term carriage, need to be rechecked regularly, if IgG turns positive after 2~4 weeks, it is acute infection, if not pregnant, need to postpone the planned timing of pregnancy; if pregnant, need to If the IgG result remains unchanged, the infection is non-acute and false positive; if IgG is positive and IgM is negative, it indicates that the virus has been infected in the past and pregnancy is possible; if both IgG and IgM are positive, it may be the acute infection period for Toxoplasma gondii and the late infection period for other viral infections, additional IgG affinity test is needed. If it is determined to be an acute infection, the timing of the planned pregnancy should be postponed, and if it is a gestational period, the gestational age should be projected and other prenatal diagnostic tests should be performed. Effects of TORCH infection on pregnancy Most of the TORCH infections during pregnancy are asymptomatic occult infections or subclinical infections, but both dominant and occult infections can be transmitted to the fetus through the placenta. Toxoplasma gondii infection mainly affects the central nervous system of the fetus, which can lead to hydrocephalus, microcephaly, hepatosplenomegaly, peritoneal effusion and fetal growth restriction. Rubella virus infection can cause congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in the fetus. Deafness, cataracts and congenital heart disease are the most common triad of CRS, some of which do not occur immediately after birth, but manifest gradually weeks, months or even years after birth. It has been reported in the literature that 90% of fetuses infected in early pregnancy are affected, 50% of fetuses infected after 12 weeks of gestation are affected and 15% to 50% of them can develop malformations, while malformations occur rarely after 20 weeks. It can be seen that the older the gestational age, the smaller the incidence of malformations. Cytomegalovirus infection mainly attacks and damages the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, lung, liver, kidney and other organs causing malformation, miscarriage, stillbirth, etc. Recurrent cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy is less harmful than primary infection. Herpes simplex virus infection mainly manifests as chorioretinitis, retinitis, clouding of the lens, cardiac abnormalities such as ductus arteriosus, limb abnormalities such as short fingers or toes, cerebral hypoplasia, hydrocephalus, etc. It is also common to have miscarriage and preterm delivery.