Life is about exercise, and exercise can promote human health. Although the mother-to-be into the pregnancy is very hard, nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy and other early pregnancy reactions make the mother-to-be weak, the growing belly makes the mother-to-be inconvenient to move, but the mother-to-be still want to appropriate, correctly adhere to the exercise, which is not only conducive to their own health, but also to the future delivery and newborns have a lot of benefits. Pros and cons of exercise during pregnancy Pros, exercise during pregnancy as part of a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy should be encouraged and advocated. Exercise during pregnancy can improve constipation by promoting gastrointestinal motility, improve common symptoms such as edema, rapid body mass gain and low back pain during pregnancy, and also improve sleep quality. Exercise during pregnancy is conducive to maintaining the balance of glucose metabolism and fat metabolism. Pelvic floor muscle tissue functional exercise during pregnancy may shorten the duration of labor, improve the success rate of vaginal delivery, reduce the rate of cesarean section, while reducing the incidence of urinary incontinence after vaginal delivery, and promote postpartum body shape recovery. In addition, exercise during pregnancy helps to improve maternal mood, may enhance self-confidence, improve satisfaction with self-performance, and reduce the risk of postpartum depression and other risks. On the downside, if aerobic exercise during pregnancy is excessive, it has the risk of causing intrauterine growth restriction of the fetus, inducing miscarriage or preterm labor, skeletal and muscular injuries of the pregnant mother and increased cardiac and pulmonary loads due to exercise. Therefore, pregnant women should receive standardized obstetrics and internal medicine examination to understand the basic cardiac and pulmonary function and energy metabolism before exercising. Contraindications to exercise for pregnant women Pregnant women with heart disease, uncontrollable high blood pressure or thyroid disease, liver disease, multiple miscarriages, multiple pregnancies, premature rupture of membranes or preterm labor are absolutely prohibited from exercising, while pregnant women who have a history of preterm labor or uterine dysplasia, anemia, obesity, lung disease or twin pregnancies should be extra careful when exercising and pay close attention to changes in various indicators of the body. Forms of exercise during pregnancy The safest form of exercise during pregnancy is one that is consistent with maintaining a reasonable increase in the pregnant woman’s body mass during pregnancy and does not cause fetal distress or uterine contractions. Pregnant women can carry out suitable exercises according to the venue and their interests, such as walking, swimming, yoga, aerobics, stair climbing, upper body exercises and so on. Walking can significantly reduce back pain during pregnancy, pregnancy discomfort and stress, can improve the quality of life during pregnancy, stair climbing can significantly improve the pregnant women after exercise after meal 2h blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, BMI, lipids and other test indicators. The biggest benefit of swimming during pregnancy is that it can reduce edema, regulate body temperature (exercise does not cause an increase in body temperature) and does not cause joint strain. Yoga is also a suitable form of exercise during pregnancy. Pregnant women who are bedridden can also do upper body exercises. Physical contact sports and sports that are dangerous for pregnant women should be avoided, such as basketball, jogging, hiking, scuba diving, outdoor cycling, etc., as these sports carry the risk of abdominal trauma and falls. Exercise intensity during pregnancy Aerobic exercise of low to moderate intensity should be the main focus during pregnancy, avoiding high-intensity exercise, even if you have a previous exercise habit, the intensity of exercise during pregnancy should not exceed that of the pre-pregnancy period. Duration of exercise during pregnancy Exercise habits vary from person to person, so the choice of duration of exercise during pregnancy should also follow the principle of individualization and gradual progress. For pregnant women who did not exercise before pregnancy, it is recommended that the duration of exercise in the first 3 weeks be 15 min/times, 3 times/week of low-intensity exercise, and then gradually increase to 30 min/times, 4 times/week. For pregnant women who are habitual exercisers, the recommended duration of exercise is ≥30 min/exercise, 4 times/week at moderate intensity. The Physical Activity Guidelines of the United States recommend moderate-intensity aerobic exercise of at least 150 min/week throughout pregnancy for healthy pregnant women who were not physically active before pregnancy. The Japanese Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends 2-3 sessions of aerobic exercise of less than 60 min per week, and the time between 10:00 am and 2:00 pm is preferred, because exercise during this time is less likely to induce uterine contractions. Precautions during exercise Whichever form of exercise is used during pregnancy, it should be carried out in three stages: warm-up (5-10 min), formal exercise (20 min) and post-exercise relaxation (5-10 min). Before, after and during exercise, pregnant women should consume enough water to maintain the water balance in the body, wear loose cotton clothing, appropriate size bra and running shoes, exercise in a cool and ventilated environment, avoid high heat and humidity, and preferably in gymnasiums or community sports centers. During the exercise period, pay attention to monitoring the blood pressure and heart rate of pregnant women, and perform fetal heart rate monitoring to rule out contractions if necessary. After exercise, the underarm temperature should not exceed 38.3℃, and attention should be paid to keeping warm when bathing after exercise. For pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus, it is recommended that they eat before exercise and monitor their blood glucose before and after exercise to prevent hypoglycemia. If any of the following symptoms or signs occur, such as vaginal bleeding, vaginal discharge, persistent pain or fatigue, exertional dyspnea, dizziness, chest pain, headache, pain or edema in the lower limbs, decreased fetal movement, or regular contractions lasting for more than 30 minutes after exercise, you should stop exercising immediately and consult a doctor as soon as possible.