The etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus are complex and have not been fully articulated, and the causes of different types of diabetes mellitus vary.
1. The main causes of type 1 diabetes are genetic factors, autoimmune factors, viral infections, chemical toxins or dietary factors that cause damage to pancreatic islet β-cells, leading to insulin secretion disorders and thus diabetes mellitus.
2. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is mainly caused by heredity, insulin resistance, abnormal β-cell function, abnormal pancreatic α-cell function and defective secretion of intestinal proinsulin, resulting in decreased insulin sensitivity, which leads to diabetes mellitus.
3. Other special types of diabetes such as genetic defects in pancreatic β-cell function and genetic defects in insulin action are mainly due to genetic defects.
Diabetic patients should go to the hospital in time and be treated under the guidance of the doctor.