After the internal and external fixation of the limb fracture patients, some people are afraid to implement functional exercises because they lack scientific knowledge of functional exercises and are afraid to affect the solidity of the fracture site and fracture healing, which can lead to complications such as muscle atrophy, osteoporosis, tendon contracture, and joint stiffness. Others are reckless and overly active and affect fracture healing. Therefore, it is important to perform proper functional exercises to prevent fracture complications and promote limb function recovery. Functional exercise is mainly carried out in the following stages: Stage 1: early fracture, 1 to 2 weeks after the injury During this period, the affected limb is swollen and painful, the fracture end is unstable and easily re-displaced. Therefore, functional exercise at this stage is mainly to exercise the muscles of the affected limb to prevent disuse atrophy by contracting and stretching the muscles without moving the joints adjacent to the fracture. For example, the forearm fracture is done by making a fist and fully straightening and flexing the fingers, and the shoulder and upper arm muscles do contraction activities, while the wrist and elbow joints do not move. The exercise method after femur and calf fracture is to tense, contract and relax the quadriceps (thigh muscles); at the same time, perform ankle dorsiflexion and toe flexion and extension activities, about 100 times each daily. It is important to note that the upper and lower joints adjacent to the fracture should not be moved. It is forbidden to do strong stretching of the affected limb to prevent local bleeding and fracture displacement again. The purpose of functional exercise in this period is to promote blood circulation in the affected limb to facilitate the disappearance of swelling. The second stage: the middle stage of the fracture, 3-8 weeks after the injury At this time, the swelling of the affected limb has basically subsided, the pain is obviously reduced, the fracture end has fibrous connection and gradually formed bone scab, and the fracture end tends to be stable. During this period, in addition to continuing the muscle stretching activities of the affected limb, the exercise should gradually move the upper and lower joints of the fracture with the help of the healthy limb, and gradually change from passive to active activities. When there is enough bone scab in the fracture 6-8 weeks after the injury, you can increase the amplitude and strength of movement and muscle exercise should be strengthened. Such as straight leg raise, knee flexion and extension, shoulder joint rotation, upper limb joint flexion and extension to avoid joint stiffness. At this time, you can practice walking on the ground with the help of crutches (the weight of the affected limb is small), but the activities should follow the following principles: the range of activities is from small to large, the number of times is from small to large, the time is from short to long, and the intensity is from weak to strong. Strenuous activities that are not conducive to fracture stability should be limited, such as shoulder joint abduction activities for abductor humeral surgical neck fractures, elbow extension activities for supracondylar humeral fractures in extension, and rotation activities for double fractures of the forearm are not conducive to fracture stability and should be controlled. The third stage: late stage of fracture, 9-13 weeks after injury At this time, the external fixation has been released, and the range of joint movement has gradually approached normal through the first two stages of exercise. The main content of functional exercise in this period is to strengthen the active flexion and extension activities and weight-bearing exercises of the affected limb joints, so that the joint activities can be rapidly restored to the normal range and the muscle strength of the limb is close to normal. Therefore, comprehensive muscle and joint activities should be carried out to increase the amount and range of activities until the affected limb gets the final functional recovery. Tips: 1. In the process of functional exercise, do not rush to perform manual pulling and passive rough massage on the fracture site. 2. Normal functional exercise should not cause severe pain in the affected limb. Exercise can produce slight pain, which is generally tolerable, and the pain should disappear soon after stopping exercise. If the pain in the affected limb is severe or even swelling is evident after exercise, it means that the exercise is too much or there is an abnormality and should be dealt with in hospital in time.