Causes of frequent nosebleeds in children
The basic causes of nosebleeds in children are all nasal mucosal erosions or ulcers that damage the arterial capillaries on the mucosa and cause nosebleeds. Specifically, there are several common causes as follows.
1, dry air made, or various causes of nasal dryness, resulting in nasal mucosal erosion, especially the lack of crude fiber, vitamins and certain trace elements, as well as dry stools, triggered by nasal bleeding, the most common in clinical practice.
2.Children aged 2 to 5 years old like to dig their noses with their hands or stuff various foreign objects into the nasal cavity, which also often causes nasal bleeding.
3.Nasal trauma, inflammation, tumor, deformity and foreign body can also cause nasal bleeding, which belongs to specific cases of nasal bleeding.
4.Nasal bleeding caused by blood system diseases is not very common but must be taken seriously because of the serious consequences, such as thrombocytopenic purpura, leukemia, etc.
5.Some systemic diseases such as liver and kidney diseases are also causes of nosebleeds. However, nosebleeds caused by these reasons are often accompanied by systemic symptoms.
The most common site of nosebleeds in children The most common site of nosebleeds in children is below the anterior part of the nasal septum. This area has an arterial capillary network, and the blood flow is rapid and heavy when bleeding. Why is the mucosa here easily damaged? The reason is that the lower part of the nasal septum is located at the front of the nasal cavity and is easily affected by airflow and temperature. Rapid airflow, dry air and hot climate can damage the mucous membrane there, resulting in the rupture of capillaries and bleeding. In addition, if children are accustomed to picking their noses or nasal septum curvature, it is more likely to cause damage to the nasal mucosa and lead to bleeding.
What to do about nosebleeds in children
What parents do first
1, first of all, do not panic, the child and its surrounding people should be calm. Because calmness can reduce vasodilation and prevent accelerated blood flow.
2.Let the child hang his head down and try to spit out the blood that has flowed into his mouth so as not to swallow it and irritate his stomach causing vomiting.
3, the child or family members with fingers tightly squeeze the bilateral nasal Hebe 10-15 minutes, during which you can not let go.
4.If the above methods cannot stop the bleeding, you can use cotton balls soaked with nasal drops to plug the nostrils at a depth of about 1,5 cm, and then use your fingers to compress, which can also stop the bleeding.
5.After the bleeding is relieved, you can go to the hospital for further examination to exclude the possibility of systemic diseases and the presence of other diseases in the nose.
Note: If long-term recurrent bleeding or excessive bleeding cannot be effectively stopped should be promptly seen by a hospital.
What the doctor will do
1.The doctor will ask the child in detail which nostril is bleeding, how much bleeding there is, how often the bleeding occurs, and whether there are bleeding spots on the skin of the body.
2.The doctor will examine the nasal cavity in detail to find the bleeding point (mostly in the front of the nasal cavity). After finding the bleeding point, the doctor will cauterize the bleeding point with drugs or laser etc. to stop the bleeding after nasal anesthesia.
3.If the bleeding is too much to be effectively cauterized, the doctor will use oil gauze stuffing to stop the bleeding. The doctor will ask the parents to bring the child back two days later and give some precautions.
If there is any abnormality, the doctor will advise the parents to take the child to the hematology department for further examination.