Care of patients with Parkinson’s disease

  Parkinson’s disease healthy diet principles: 1, balanced diet, food diversification: more cereals, fruits (2-3 / day) vegetables, meat and dairy.  2, intake of adequate dietary fiber, adequate water (8 cups / day).  3.Eat less high-fat and high-cholesterol food: 3 eggs/week; try to eat lean meat, poultry meat cooked with skin on.  4.Supplement calcium: 1g~1.5g/day.  Parkinson’s disease personal care: 1, eating: hand trembling and can not hold a cup can use a straw to drink; use non-slip pads to fix dishes; use a handle with large tableware. Slow eating speed can use insulation tableware.  2.Grooming: use a thick-handled toothbrush, electric toothbrush or electric razor.  3, bathing / toilet: use squeeze liquid soap; bathroom non-slip mats, place a low stool; installation of safety grab bars; very difficult to move around the bedside can be placed in the commode chair.  4.Dressing: wear tops and pants with easy on/off and front closure, use self-adhesive tape instead of buttons, wear shoes without laces; 5.Sleeping: the height of the bed is good for feet to hit the ground; there should be handrails next to the bed or place wake-up aids.  6, light: access and indoor light must be sufficient; switches are clearly labeled.  7.Interior layout/floor: install solid handrails on the walls; reduce furniture and clutter; level the floor; fix carpets, no small carpets, put pads on the corners of tables; choose chairs with armrests and sturdy ones.  8. Avoid the following activities: walking with broken steps forward, dragging the feet when starting, standing with both feet close to the ground for a long time, walking in slippers. Do not forcibly pull the patient to walk, because it can increase the time of stiffness (freezing) of the feet.  9. Patients should swing their hands when walking to increase balance; avoid fetching objects with both hands to prevent falling off-balance.  Parkinson’s drugs with food: 1, fat, protein are affecting the absorption of anti-Parkinson’s drugs, so high-fat, high-protein foods should be avoided.  2, dopamine drugs should be taken 30-60 minutes before or 1 hour after a meal. If you have stomach discomfort, you can eat chocolate, juice or a small amount of cookies while taking the medication. Dopamine receptor agonist – Tamsulosin (piribedil) Take immediately after meals, half a glass of water.  3. Iron supplementation: If iron supplementation is needed, it should be taken separately from dopamine preparations.  Parkinson’s disease constipation care: 1, constipation is defined as stool 0 times / 3 days, or < 3 times / week. Develop the habit of regular bowel movements can prevent constipation. In addition, pay attention to changing the diet structure to take in more dietary fiber (vegetables, fruits, beans), and drink more water; 2, can be used to massage, such as clockwise light massage abdomen. Increase appropriate sports, such as walking, tai chi. Severe constipation can be used to open the plug or oral laxative Chinese medicine preparations.  Care for Parkinson's disease dysphagia: 1. Pay attention to oral hygiene, you should rinse your mouth, brush your teeth and clean your mouth after meals.  2, food category: avoid hard, slippery and round food, such as jelly.  3.Drink category: Each mouthful of drink should be of the same texture as far as possible and should not be mixed.  4, swallowing speed: to be even, swallowing is complete before continuing to feed.  5.Eating portions: small amounts and many meals, try to eat during the time when the drug is taking effect, and do not feed when in a drowsy state.  6, feeding posture: 60 to 90 degrees of sitting and standing posture, sit and stand for about 30 minutes after eating.  7.Parkinson's disease Emergency treatment for choking (asphyxiation): 8.Reassure the patient not to be nervous and remove the obstruction (food, dentures) from the mouth.  9. Encourage the patient to cough: have the patient lean forward as far as possible, pat the patient's back, and repeat 3 to 4 times. Check the mouth to see if the obstruction is removed. Abdominal pushing method: stand at the back of the patient and hold the patient, make a fist with one hand to squeeze the abdomen and push up. Check again if the obstruction has been removed from the mouth. If the above methods do not work, seek medical help immediately.