This question is of great concern because the instructions for several domestic vaccines suggest that it is contraindicated in children with epilepsy. Unfortunately, however, there are no guidelines that simply answer yes or no. In the 2013 edition of the latest edition of the Public Health England’s Immunisation against infectious disease, the Green Book, it is stated that epilepsy itself is not a contraindication to vaccination. Neurological side effects following vaccination in patients with epilepsy have occurred occasionally, but are not statistically significant. Vaccinations are effective in ensuring the health of the vast majority of children, so children should not be denied potentially life-saving vaccines. Some vaccinations can cause an increase in body temperature, commonly the BSE vaccine, rheumatic encephalitis vaccine, and white bacillus vaccine. When the child has a family history of epilepsy, febrile convulsions, or seizures, the vaccination may induce seizures or aggravate them, but there are no significant side effects on long-term follow-up, so normal vaccination is still recommended. However, the risk of vaccination and the treatment of fever should be informed before vaccination; new vaccines, such as non-whole-cell pertussis vaccine, can also be chosen to reduce side effects; the doctor should be consulted or the family should decide. Many families in China cannot understand why I should decide, I am not a doctor, in fact, this concept needs to be changed. In many developed countries, regardless of whether or not to take medication, what medication to take, whether or not to do surgery, how to do surgery, etc., doctors only present the pros and cons and give options, and the final choice is up to the parents themselves. Just like the issue of vaccination, if you don’t get vaccinated, you may get an infectious disease, and if you get vaccinated, you may induce seizures. Considering the importance of vaccination and the fact that most side effects are transient and manageable, the doctor may recommend vaccination at the right time for the child. However, you must weigh the pros and cons and make your own choices about exactly what you want and what you are afraid of; there is no two ways about it. However, for children with certain congenital defects that have not yet developed before vaccination, vaccination may induce morbidity, unpredictable accidents, or even sudden death. Organic aciduria, mitochondrial disease, fatty acid metabolism disorders, and urea cycle disorders can start acutely under stressful conditions such as fever, fatigue, drugs, starvation, and disease. These diseases are usually due to genetic or inherent defects, which means that even without vaccination, they will develop sooner or later the next time they are exposed to fever, starvation or trauma. If these problems are not recognized, doctors may diagnose the disease as “meningitis” and parents may misinterpret it as “vaccination has made the child stupid and killed him. Example 1: A child, female, 10 months old, was seen in June for mental retardation. The child developed fever and convulsions after receiving the diphtheria vaccine 6 months ago, and was diagnosed with “viral meningitis” at a local hospital. When he came to our hospital, he could not raise his head, could not laugh, had high muscle tone, and had external rotation of both upper limbs. Finally, he was diagnosed with glutaric aciduria type I in our hospital. After treatment with special milk powder, vitamin B2 and Antan, the child’s condition was stable and his mental response improved. The current opinion of our center is: seizures are rare, or the time of complete control of epilepsy is within 1 year, the pros and cons will be explained to the family and vaccination is recommended, if parents fear that vaccination induces seizures, they can wait until the normal vaccination after 1 year of complete control of epilepsy; children younger than 1 year old, if seizures are not controlled, it is recommended to postpone vaccination until the condition is stable; pediatric patients with epilepsy over 7 years old if epilepsy is not controlled Pertussis vaccination should not be given to children with epilepsy who have convulsions within 3 days after the first vaccination.