Breast cancer is the number one common malignancy among women. The age distribution of breast cancer incidence is different in eastern and western countries. In high incidence areas such as Northern Europe and North America, breast cancer starts to appear from around 20 years old, in a kind of good menopause, generally speaking, the earlier it is detected and the earlier it is treated, the better the result. Breast cancer can be diagnosed early through a combination of ultrasonography and clinical examination.
At present, the increasing improvement of ultrasound imaging technology, especially the emergence of color Doppler ultrasound technology, enables the internal structure, size, shape, edge and internal vascular alignment of breast lumps to be clearly displayed.
High-frequency ultrasound has been able to clearly display lumps of 0.5-1.0 cm in size, and good display of 0.3-0.5 cm, which are of great significance for the early diagnosis of breast cancer.
Several treatment methods of breast cancer are explained
Breast cancer treatment must be early detection and early treatment, and early treatment can cure 90% of the cases. Self-examination must not be neglected, which can achieve early detection and help a lot in treatment. If you find any abnormality in your breast, you must go to a regular hospital to have an examination.
There are many treatment methods and measures for breast cancer, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and so on. At present, most of them adopt the comprehensive treatment mainly based on surgery.
1.Surgical treatment
The surgical treatment of radical excision of breast cancer has a history of one hundred years and is still the main means of breast cancer treatment, and it has the most satisfactory effect on early stage breast cancer without axillary lymph node metastasis.
2.Radiotherapy
It is usually used after surgery to prevent local recurrence. For advanced breast cancer, radiation therapy can shrink the tumor, and in some cases, it can even make breast cancer that is not suitable for surgery metastasize to be surgically resectable. For isolated local recurrence lesions and skeletal metastases of breast cancer, it has certain palliative effect. However, for patients with early breast cancer without lymphatic metastasis, it is not necessary to routinely carry out radiation therapy to avoid damaging human immune function.
3.Endocrine therapy
For primary advanced breast cancer that is not suitable for surgery or radiation therapy and has positive estrogen receptor measurement, endocrine therapy can be used alone or in combination. The drugs and means used will vary according to the menstrual condition.
4.Chemical drug treatment
Chemotherapy against cancer is a necessary systemic adjuvant treatment (cyclophosphamide, lomustine, nitrogen mustard phenylbutyrate). The treatment method also varies from person to person, depending on the condition. The key is to do a detailed examination in a regular hospital before treatment.
5.Immunotherapy
In the 1970s, the United States advocated a concept of improving the resistance to tumors by modifying the biological response of human body (Biologicalresponsemodifiers), which is called BRM therapy or immunotherapy. This has established the status of mushroom polysaccharides in BRM therapy, and also greatly promoted the research and application of mushroom bioactive ingredients. Nowadays, mushroom D-fraction is the most popular product in the US alternative medicine industry.
Seven tips to prevent breast cancer
The cause of breast cancer is not fully understood, so there is no definite way to prevent breast cancer. From the analysis of epidemiological survey, the following aspects of breast cancer prevention can be considered.
1.Establishing a good lifestyle, adjusting the rhythm of life and keeping a relaxed mood.
2.Adhere to physical exercise, actively participate in social activities, avoid and reduce mental and psychological tension factors, and keep a calm mind.
3.Cultivate good eating habits. Pay attention to balanced nutrition during infancy and early childhood, and advocate breastfeeding; reduce the intake of excessive high protein and low fiber diet during childhood development; do not consume large amounts of fat and animal protein during adolescence, and strengthen physical exercise; control the total calorie intake after menopause to avoid obesity. Normally develop a diet without excessive intake of meat, fried eggs, butter, cheese, sweets, etc., eat less pickled, smoked, fried and baked foods, and increase the consumption of fresh vegetables, fruits, vitamins, carotenoids, olive oil, fish, bean products, etc.
4.Actively treat breast diseases.
5.Do not use exogenous estrogen indiscriminately.
6.Do not drink alcohol excessively for a long time.
7. Carry out pharmacological prevention among people with high risk of breast cancer. The National Cancer Center is responsible for the exploratory study on the prevention of breast cancer with drugs such as triamcinolone and raloxifene. The incidence rate of breast cancer is increasing rapidly until the age of 45-50 years, and the incidence rate increases by 1 times for every 10-20 years of age, and increases relatively slowly after menopause, reaching a maximum at the age of 75-85 years. In Asia and other low incidence regions, the incidence of breast cancer decreases slightly after menopause, and generally the peak incidence of breast cancer is between 45-55 years old, and this age distribution characteristic is still maintained after Asians migrate to western countries.
Regular breast examination is important
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, accounting for 7%-10% of all malignant tumors in China, second only to cervical cancer, and has been increasing year by year in recent years, with some major cities reporting that breast cancer is the first malignant tumor in women.