Patients with recurrent atelectasis need to pay attention to rest, work and rest in their daily work life, live an orderly life, and maintain an optimistic, positive and upbeat attitude towards life will be of great help in preventing the disease. Do tea and meals with regularity, survival and living in a regular manner, not overworked, cheerful, and develop good habits of life. Reasonable diet can be more intake of high fiber as well as fresh vegetables and fruits, balanced nutrition, including protein, sugar, fat, vitamins, trace elements and dietary fiber and other essential nutrients, meat and vegetables, diversified food varieties, give full play to the complementary effect of nutrients between foods, is very helpful in the prevention of pulmonary asplenia. Acute widespread pulmonary aspergillosis can be prevented. Because of pre-existing chronic bronchitis, heavy smoking increases the risk of postoperative pulmonary atelectasis, so preoperative cessation of smoking and enhanced bronchial clearance measures should be encouraged. Long-acting anesthetics should be avoided, and postoperative analgesics should be used sparingly because such drugs inhibit the cough reflex. It is advisable to fill the lungs with a mixture of air and oxygen at the end of anesthesia because the slow absorption of nitrogen improves alveolar stability. Encourage the patient to turn every hour, and encourage coughing and deep breathing; early activity is important. A combination of measures is most effective, including encouraging coughing and deep breathing, inhalation of aerosol bronchodilators, nebulized inhalation of water or saline to liquefy secretions and facilitate elimination, and bronchial suctioning if necessary. The value of mucolytics in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary asplenia is uncertain. The use of intermittent positive pressure respiration and incentive spirometry, the latter using a simple device that maintains maximum expiratory breath for 3-5 seconds. Various physiotherapy measures (tapping, vibration, postural drainage and deep breathing) can also be used. All physiotherapy methods must be used appropriately and in conjunction with conventional measures to achieve results. Postoperative chest tapping increases the risk of atelectasis if it increases pain and muscle tearing. Other preventive measures include the use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP, usually maintaining airway pressure at 5-15 cmH2 O) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation, the latter either through a closed mask or nasal mask or intermittently for 5-10 minutes every 1-2 hours. The latter can be implemented by closed mask or nasal mask, or intermittently for 5-10 minutes every 1-2 hours. Symptomatic treatment of recurrent pulmonary atelectasis should be provided by using aminophylline 0.1 g or asthodine 0.2 g orally 3 times a day as appropriate.