The principles of antiepileptic drug treatment for children are basically the same as those for adults, but the following features should be noted: 1. 2. Neonates and infants have not yet fully developed liver and kidney functions, so they have poor metabolism and excretion ability of drugs, long half-life in the body and easy to accumulate poisoning; infants and preschoolers have fast metabolism rate and short half-life, so the dose should be adjusted according to clinical efficacy under the monitoring of drug blood concentration; 3. The risk of liver damage is increased in children younger than 2 years old or with genetic metabolic disorders; 4. For example, after the first cluster seizure in benign infantile epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs can be temporarily not used and continue to be observed, and then start treatment with antiepileptic drugs if the seizure occurs again at an interval of 24 hours. However, if the cause of the seizure persists, AEDs should be given after the first seizure, such as a clear history of perinatal brain injury. Children are at an important stage of growth and learning. When choosing antiepileptic drugs, the effect on the cognitive function of the child should be fully considered and should be observed during the medication process. If the drug has serious effects on the cognitive function of the child, the pros and cons should be weighed and the drug can be replaced if necessary. For children with mitochondrial disease and organic acidemia combined with epilepsy, valproic acid is likely to cause liver damage and should not be used as much as possible; for children diagnosed with Alpers disease combined with epilepsy, valproic acid should be prohibited because it can cause liver failure in patients with this disease.