What is hypertension?
Hypertension is a systemic disease characterized by elevated arterial pressure, which can be accompanied by functional or organic changes in organs such as the heart, blood vessels, brain and kidneys, and it is distinguished between primary and secondary hypertension. A systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg can be diagnosed as hypertension.
Etiology of hypertension
1, age: increases with age, with a high incidence in those over 40 years of age.
2, salt: high prevalence in those who consume more salt.
3, weight: high prevalence in those who are obese
4, genetic: about half of the hypertensive patients have a family history.
5, environment and occupation: noise, overstressed mental work is prone to hypertension.
Hypertension drug treatment principles
1, individualized: according to the characteristics of different patients and the use of different drugs and doses.
2, combined drug use.
3, graded treatment: first with a drug, if not achieved satisfactory results can gradually add one or more drugs.
Hypertension prevention
1, salt restriction: the more salt intake, the higher blood pressure.
2, weight control.
Body mass index (BMI) = weight (kg)/height (m)2
BMI ≥ 25 for overweight, BMI ≥ 27 for obese.
3, moderate exercise.
4, quit smoking and limit alcohol.
5, reduce mental stress and maintain psychological balance.
Hypertension complications
1, heart: coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction.
2, brain: cerebral infarction, cerebral thrombosis, cerebral hemorrhage.
3, kidney: chronic renal failure.
4, eyes: vision loss, fundus bleeding, cataract, blindness.
5, multiple organ failure, death.
Common misconceptions about hypertension
1, blood pressure down without necessarily using drugs again.
2, the cure is eager, like the fast-acting antihypertensive drugs.
3, no medication can also lower blood pressure.
4, new drugs, expensive drugs are good drugs.