The treatment methods for esophageal cancer mainly include surgery, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine. After a lot of clinical verification, the treatment of esophageal cancer is usually a combination of multiple treatment methods. 1.Early treatment of esophageal cancer: Surgery is the first choice for early treatment of esophageal cancer. Surgery includes radical resection and palliative surgery, which have different indications, and different surgical methods are selected according to the tumor growth site, tumor size and clinical stage. 2.Middle stage treatment of esophageal cancer: The middle stage treatment of esophageal cancer should still consider surgical resection, and postoperative treatment should be synchronized with radiation and drug chemotherapy. 3.Late stage treatment of esophageal cancer: The late stage treatment of esophageal cancer should take into account the whole body condition of esophageal cancer patients, and the late stage treatment of esophageal cancer generally prefers traditional Chinese medicine for conservative treatment, and chemotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine.