I. What is hypertension all about?
Hypertension (hypertension) is a clinical syndrome characterized by higher than normal blood pressure in the arteries of the body circulation, which can be accompanied by damage to target organs such as the heart, brain, kidney and blood vessels.
Second, how to confirm whether you have hypertension?
The method to confirm the diagnosis is simple and easy to grasp. Hypertension is diagnosed when blood pressure is ≥ 140 and/or ≥ 90 mmHg measured at least three times in a sitting position on different days, with all interfering factors excluded.
Measurement tools: fully automatic and semi-automatic electronic sphygmomanometers and mercury column sphygmomanometers that meet international standards
Reference value: hospital office: 140/90 mmHg
Self-measurement at home: 135/85 mmHg
Third, so all hypertension is the same?
Hypertension is divided into two categories: primary hypertension and secondary hypertension.
1, secondary hypertension accounts for about 5% of the causes.
(1) kidney disease
(2) renal artery stenosis
(3) adrenal disease: pheochromocytoma, primary aldosteronism
(4) long-term application of glucocorticoids, etc.
Treatment of secondary type hypertension requires treatment of the primary disease.
2. Primary hypertension accounts for 95% of the total and is the most common type of hypertension, which has no primary cause.
(1) overweight or obesity
(2) Alcohol consumption: Regular alcohol consumption increases the risk of hypertension by 40%.
(3) High salt diet: an increase of 2g of salt per day increases blood pressure by 2.0/1.2mmHg
(4)Age: over 40 years old
(5)Gender: before 60 years of age, male > female
(6)Smoking: an independent important risk factor for cardiovascular disease
(7)Lack of exercise
(8)Family history
(9)Mental stress, etc.
Fourth, after we confirm that we have hypertension, what should we do first?
The diagnosis of hypertension is only the first step, the second step is to go to the hospital, the physician needs to conduct a comprehensive examination to understand your current physical condition
1, urine: protein, red blood cells, tube type
2, blood: renal function, lipids, blood sugar, insulin measurement, HCY
3.Electrocardiogram: left ventricular hypertrophy, strain, coronary artery disease
4.Echocardiogram: aortic internal diameter enlargement, large left ventricle, large left atrium, cardiac function
5.24-hour ambulatory blood pressure test
V. Symptoms of hypertension.
The symptoms of hypertension are generally atypical. Most patients with hypertension are not obvious symptoms, often found by chance during physical examination. Most of them start insidiously, and can appear dizziness, headache, blurred vision, palpitations, insomnia, forgetfulness or memory loss, inattention, tinnitus, mood swings and so on. Symptoms and blood pressure levels are not necessarily related, so for each of us, especially with some obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, family history of risk factors, etc., we should pay attention to regular monitoring of their blood pressure, regular medical check-ups, found blood pressure fluctuations in time to go to the hospital.
Sixth, the drug treatment of hypertension
Drug treatment: diuretics, CCB, ACEI/ARB, beta-blockers, a-blockers
Drug treatment precautions.
1, drug selection attention to indications
2, start with small doses, 2-3 weeks to see the effect, try to use long-acting agents;
3, reasonable combination of drugs: can reduce adverse reactions, enhance the efficacy
4, long-term treatment, can not be terminated or suddenly stop the drug
Drug treatment requires professional physician guidance
Note: find their blood pressure is elevated, or to confirm that they have high blood pressure, and do not go to the doctor, but because there are no symptoms, or symptoms are very light, they dragged, or just find some antihypertensive drugs to eat, this approach is undoubtedly wrong!
VII. Aspects of daily life that should be noted.
Non-pharmacological treatment: improve lifestyle: reasonable diet (limit sodium <6g) low sodium, high potassium, high calcium, weight control, proper exercise, quit smoking and limit alcohol, psychological balance.
Pay attention to the invisible “salt” in food
1, processed food: canned food, ham, bacon, sausage
2, cured foods: salami, salted fish, haloumi, salted eggs
3, snacks: potato chips
4, seasoning sauces: soy sauce, shrimp paste, oyster sauce
5, food containing potassium: fruits, vegetables
6, food with high calcium: milk, yogurt
Moderate aerobic exercise: brisk walking, square dancing, swimming, etc. People who weigh more choose cycling, swimming fitness to prevent too much exercise damage to the joints!
From the perspective of Chinese medicine, talk to us about the treatment and conditioning methods of hypertension?
Vertigo is a condition caused by the loss of nourishment of the clear orifices or the disturbance of the clear space by evil. Glare means blurred vision or blackness in front of the eyes; dizziness is lightheadedness, a feeling of rotation of oneself or external scenery, and unsteadiness in standing. The two are often seen together, so they are collectively called “vertigo”.
Treatment by evidence: 1.
1. Hyperactivity of liver and yang
Treatment: Calming the liver and submerging the yang, clearing the fire and quenching the wind.
Remedy: Tianma and Hooked Vine Drink plus or minus.
2. Deficiency of qi and blood
Treatment: Tonify Qi and Blood, strengthen the spleen and stomach.
Remedy: Giving back to the spleen.
3. Kidney essence deficiency
Treatment: For Yin deficiency, tonify the kidney and nourish Yin; for Yang deficiency, tonify the kidney and help Yang.
Remedies: for nourishing the yin of the kidney, Zuo Gui Wan is recommended; for nourishing the yang of the kidney, Right Gui Wan is recommended.
4.Phlegm obstruction
Treatment: Drying dampness and dispelling phlegm, strengthening the spleen and stomach.
Remedy: Radix et Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae.
5, Blood stasis blocking the ligaments
Treatment: Promote the circulation of Qi and Blood, dispel blood stasis and clear the ligaments.
Remedy: Blood Mansion and Blood Stasis Soup.
Auxiliary tea drink: rooibos, cassia seeds, asparagus, hooked vine, Xia Gu Cao, wolfberry, chrysanthemum, figs, mulberry
Acupuncture point pressure: postauricular descending sulcus, Baihui point, Quchi, Feet Three Miles, Yongquan, Neiguan
Each person’s individual situation is different and requires the physician to prescribe the right medicine, not to drink someone else’s soup.
Hypotensive sulcus.
Baihui acupoint.
Quchi.
Foot San Li.
Yongquan.
Neiguan.