Brain herniation is a serious neurosurgical condition and a manifestation of some brain disorders that have progressed to a severe level in neurology. There are many causes of brain herniation, including severe cranial injury, massive cerebral infarction, massive cerebral hemorrhage, and severe intracranial infection. According to our statistics, the mortality rate of brain herniation is very high and can reach 30% or even 50%. The mortality rate of each individual is related to the condition, the original disease, and the timeliness and effectiveness of the treatment measures. After brain herniation, the treatment is a comprehensive one, which mainly includes: 1. For the primary disease, if the cranial injury may require surgery. In case of massive cerebral hemorrhage, craniotomy or interventional treatment may be required; 2. In terms of drugs, although therapeutic drugs are available, the effect may be related to the patient’s condition and the original disease. Mannitol can be taken to lower intracranial pressure, tachyphylaxis or albumin to lower intracranial pressure; 3. In severe cases, emergency craniotomy can be used to decompress the bone flap, etc. All these measures may be helpful in the treatment of patients with brain herniation. However, in general, the treatment effect of a critically ill patient should be determined by a combination of factors.