Congenital genetic deafness should be prevented, first of all by.
(1) Marriage law should be strictly enforced and marriage between close relatives should be absolutely prohibited.
(2) A congenitally genetically deaf person may marry a non-genetically acquired deaf or normal person.
(3) If a congenitally genetically deaf person marries a non-genetically acquired deaf or normal person, the first child is congenitally deaf and must not have a second child.
(4) Young men and women who are deaf will be tested for deafness genes through deafness genetic counseling to determine if they have family heredity.
1. What are the clinical characteristics of hereditary deafness?
Most of the genetic deafness is simple hearing impairment, and some of them are syndromes. CT shows that simple hearing impairment is mainly due to abnormal development of inner ear structures. In deafness syndrome, in addition to hearing impairment, there are about 20 other congenital malformations, such as pigmented retina, protruding eyeball or forehead, maxillary or mandibular hypoplasia, syndactyly, corpuscular chest, long head, cleft jaw, parrot nose, united eyebrows, white frontal hair, cranial malformation, renal disease, movement disorder, diabetes mellitus, and iris anomaly.
2.What drugs can cause deafness?
More than a hundred kinds of drugs have been found to be toxic to the ear. The most common ototoxic drugs include gentamicin, streptomycin, kanamycin, cleomycin, minomycin, erythromycin and many other antibiotics. There are also salicylic acid-based systems that enter the inner ear and destroy the metabolism of the inner ear, causing degeneration and necrosis of hair cells.
3.Can deafness be treated?
To answer this question, we must first clarify the diagnosis of deafness. Generally speaking, conductive deafness can be treated through medical treatment. For mixed deafness, medical treatment and rehabilitation can be used simultaneously, but auditory rehabilitation is long-term and lifelong. For sensory nerve deafness, the cause should be analyzed. For example, for sudden deafness in early stage, drug-induced deafness in late stage, and sensory nerve deafness caused by various other causes, the best way to rehabilitate is to get better hearing compensation through optional hearing aids.
4.How is the average hearing loss calculated?
The average hearing loss is calculated by dividing the sum of the average decibels of hearing loss at 500Hz, 1000Hz and 2000Hz by 3.
5.How does the World Health Organization classify deafness?
The World Health Organization classifies patients with hearing loss into 5 levels according to the degree of hearing loss.
26-40dBHL for mild deafness;
41-55dBHL for moderate deafness;
56-70dBHL for moderate to severe deafness;
71-90dBHL is severe deafness;
Greater than 90dBHL is very severe deafness.
1. Can deafness be prevented?
The incidence of deafness is about 3-4% in newborns and about 5% in 0-6 years old, mostly caused by otitis media. In the face of such a large number of deaf patients, besides taking necessary medical and rehabilitation countermeasures, actively carrying out newborn hearing screening, popularizing and publicizing hearing health care knowledge, paying attention to epidemiological surveys, carrying out genetic counseling for deafness, and strengthening medical supervision and scientific medication are the keys to prevent deafness.
2. How to prevent deafness in the newborn period?
Hearing health care should be started during pregnancy. For example, in the prenatal period, mothers should not receive preventive injections in general, abdomen should not receive radioactive irradiation, prevent maternal sickness infection, and provide timely treatment in case of infection. Disable ototoxic drugs when administering medication.
3.How to prevent deafness during the neonatal period?
Prevention of deafness in the neonatal period should begin in the perinatal period, during which not only organic damage to the central auditory nervous system can occur, but also damage to the hair cells of the inner ear can occur. In particular, trauma during preterm induction of labor or various causes of hypoxia during labor, and neonatal yellow pox are very likely to cause sensorineural deafness. Therefore, early prevention and timely treatment of these diseases is an important part of deafness prevention and treatment.
4.How to prevent deafness in the pediatric period?
Infectious deafness is common in infancy and early childhood, among which conductive deafness due to pediatric exudative otitis media and sensorineural deafness due to mumps and high fever are the most common. Deafness is not easily detected in the early stages of pediatric deafness, and it is especially likely to occur during the infection period when aminoglycoside antibiotics are often used for treatment. Therefore, prevention of infection and scientific use of medication are important deafness prevention measures.
5.How to protect the residual hearing of deaf children?
The key to protect the residual hearing of deaf children is to choose a suitable hearing aid. A professional can match the hearing aid according to the degree of hearing loss and the characteristics of the audiogram of the deaf child and the standard of hearing aid fitting, so as to obtain a more satisfactory hearing compensation and not to damage the residual hearing of the deaf child even when used in the market voice environment.
6.How to prevent drug toxicity deafness?
The treatment of a certain disease may require some necessary antibiotics. Pharmacotoxic deafness should be prevented and abuse of ototoxic drugs should be prohibited. Patients with a family history of toxicity and renal dysfunction should be prohibited from taking ototoxic drugs. Infants, pregnant women, and the elderly are equally sensitive to ototoxic drugs and should be banned, and caution should be exercised when they must be used. During the course of drug administration, once symptoms of ototoxicity are detected, such as dizziness, tinnitus, hearing loss, and balance disorders, the drug should be discontinued immediately. In addition, a hearing test with high frequency pure tone above 8000Hz can help detect ototoxicity at an early stage. Once hearing loss is confirmed, the drug can be discontinued promptly, and it is not too late for patients who still retain speech frequencies below 8000 Hz to hear and speak without affecting the development of speech. Otoacoustic emission testing is an effective means of diagnosing early hearing impairment.