The pancreas is the 2nd largest gland in the human body after the liver. The pancreas is a very important secretory organ in the body, it is located under the back of the stomach, close to the posterior abdominal wall, about 12-15 cm long, 3-5 cm wide, 1.5-2.5 cm thick, weighing 70-100 grams. The pancreas is generally divided into four parts: head, neck, body and tail. The head of the pancreas is just inside the small bend formed by the duodenum, and the tail of the pancreas is adjacent to the splenic gland, and its tissue structure is composed of two parts: the exocrine gland and the endocrine islet, so it is a mixed gland. There is a duct in the pancreas called the pancreatic duct, which starts from the tail of the pancreas and goes to the head of the pancreas, mostly forming a “common channel” with the common bile duct, which opens into the duodenum. Don’t look at the small size of the pancreas, but it plays a big role in the body! The pancreatic juice secreted by the pancreas is indispensable for the digestion and absorption of food. According to research, the normal human pancreas secretes about l000 ml of pancreatic juice every day, almost equal to 10-14 times its own weight, which shows how active its function is. In addition to water, the main ingredients of the pancreas are electrolytes and enzyme protein, the former can neutralize gastric acid, so that the food from the stomach into the small intestine quickly from acidic to alkaline, which in turn provides the necessary conditions for the conversion of the latter – enzyme protein into pancreatic enzymes. This conversion process of enzymogen is called “activation”, and activation is an important part of the conversion of enzymogen into pancreatic enzymes and the performance of their physiological functions. Normal adults excrete about 2-8 grams of enzyme proteins into the small intestine every day, and they are like catalysts used in industry, immediately involved in the digestion of polysaccharides (starch), proteins and fats in food, making them into substances that can be absorbed and used by the body. If the pancreatic function is reduced due to some disease and the secretion of pancreatic juice is reduced, the person has to suffer from severe indigestion. In addition, the pancreas has another very important function, which is to secrete insulin. Why is it called insulin? This is some origin. It turns out that there are many small and large cell clusters scattered in the pancreas, especially in the tail and body of the pancreas, the least in the head. From the cut surface of the pancreas, these cell clusters are very much like many islands distributed on the surface of the water, so named islets, insulin is secreted by islet cells. Insulin is an indispensable substance in the body’s sugar metabolism, and if insulin is insufficient, the body may develop diabetes. In addition to insulin, pancreatic islet cells also secrete glucagon, gastrin and growth hormone release inhibitor, so their physiological functions are also multifaceted.