Compression fractures of the thoracic 11 vertebrae are mainly caused by trauma and, from the imaging point of view, simply present compression of the anterior or middle column without neurological symptoms. In young people, compression not exceeding 1/4 can be treated conservatively, that is, absolute bed rest, and recovery can be achieved in about 2 months. If the compression is more than 1/4, it is recommended to perform internal fixation of the fracture by fracture incision and repositioning, and surgical treatment to restore the height of the vertebral body to prevent further collapse and dislocation with age, which may cause nerve compression. For the elderly, especially those over 60 years of age, vertebroplasty is recommended. With age, osteoporosis is more pronounced in the elderly, and spinal compression fractures are most common, which can lead to further bone loss through conservative treatment, aggravating the state of osteoporosis and the risk of further fractures, so percutaneous vertebroplasty is recommended for the elderly. In either case, neurological symptoms require surgical management.