Most knee pain and swelling occurs in middle-aged and elderly people and is triggered by knee osteoarthritis. Patients initially feel soreness and discomfort in the knee when sitting up and walking, and the symptoms disappear after walking and moving. Subsequently, the disease may develop and the pain may not be relieved even after activity, and it may be difficult to go up and down stairs or to squat or stand up, requiring a hand on the knee for support. The knee joint is somewhat swollen after more walking, or it is so swollen that some yellowish fluid can also be drawn out. The cause of knee osteoarthritis is mostly due to trauma (even minor sprains), aging, endocrine disorders and other factors that cause degenerative disease of the osteoarthritic bone joints, so that the cartilage of the osteoarthritic surface is nutritionally impaired, the cartilage elasticity decreases and is easily worn and broken. Knee arthritis degenerative lesions of the osteoarthritic joints are considered by Chinese medicine to be caused by kidney deficiency. Therefore, the treatment of knee pain and swelling firstly requires kidney tonics, and Chinese medicine has made outstanding contributions to safeguarding human health by curing knee pain through kidney tonics throughout history. Of course, some patients with knee osteoarthritis do not do well with kidney tonics alone because, while tonifying the kidneys, they should also “eliminate inflammation”, or in Chinese medicine terms, “remove fire”. The inflammation (aseptic inflammation) that Western medicine refers to is what Chinese medicine considers to be a fire. The fire here belongs to the “deficiency fire”. Therefore, in clinical practice, the treatment for knee pain and swelling is to clear heat, promote blood circulation and tonify the kidneys. The use of Chinese herbal medicine for knee pain and swelling is effective and has a high cure rate. In Western medicine, except for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (representative drug “anti-inflammatory pain”), there are hormonal drugs, which have great side effects and are prone to recurrence.